Table 3:
Clinical outcomes | Control cases (n=106) | Hybrid OR cases (n=186) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Postoperative complications | |||
Any complication | 58 (55%) | 90 (48%) | 0.331 |
Any infectious complication | 29 (27%) | 27 (15%) | 0.009 |
Pneumonia | 13 (12%) | 7 (4%) | 0.008 |
Bloodstream infection | 9 (9%) | 8 (4%) | 0.163 |
Surgical site infection | 6 (6%) | 9 (5%) | 0.787 |
Urinary tract infection | 5 (5%) | 4 (2%) | 0.293 |
Clostridium difficile infection | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | >0.999 |
Graft infection | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | >0.999 |
Clavien-Dindo classificationsa | |||
Overall, median | 2.0 [0.0–4.0] | 0.0 [0.0–4.0] | 0.364 |
Grade 1, n (%) | 3 (3%) | 6 (3%) | 0.331 |
Grade 2, n (%) | 13 (12%) | 19 (10%) | 0.697 |
Grade 3a, n (%) | 4 (4%) | 7 (4%) | >0.999 |
Grade 3b, n (%) | 5 (5%) | 9 (5%) | >0.999 |
Grade 4a, n (%) | 7 (7%) | 12 (6%) | >0.999 |
Grade 4b, n (%) | 15 (14%) | 12 (6%) | 0.036 |
Grade 5a, n (%) | 7 (7%) | 9 (5%) | 0.596 |
Grade 5b, n (%) | 4 (4%) | 16 (9%) | 0.150 |
Hospital length of stay (d) | 9.5 [5.0–23.3] | 9.0 [5.8–19.0] | 0.791 |
ICU length of stay (d) | 6.0 [2.0–17.0] | 5.0 [2.0–13.0] | 0.636 |
ICU-free hospital days | 4.0 [2.0–6.0] | 4.0 [1.0–7.3] | 0.615 |
Days on mechanical ventilation | 3.0 [1.0–8.0] | 2.0 [1.0–5.3] | 0.011 |
Ventilator-free ICU days | 2.0 [0.0–6.3] | 3.0 [1.0–7.0] | 0.144 |
Discharge disposition | |||
Home | 52 (49%) | 104 (56%) | 0.274 |
Prison | 6 (6%) | 5 (3%) | 0.215 |
Another hospital | 5 (5%) | 7 (4%) | 0.762 |
Subacute/inpatient rehabilitation | 17 (16%) | 20 (11%) | 0.204 |
Long-term acute care | 13 (12%) | 22 (12%) | >0.999 |
Custodial care/nursing home | 2 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 0.299 |
Hospice | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 0.536 |
In-hospital mortality | 11 (10%) | 25 (13%) | 0.579 |
Non-home discharge | 54 (51%) | 82 (44%) | 0.274 |
Adapted for trauma by Naumann et al.18 ICU: intensive care unit. Data are presented as n (%) or median [interquartile range].