TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristic of the patients receiving tuberculosis drugs by adherence status in 2017–2018.
| Covariates | Overall population (N = 987, %) | Adherence a(N = 558, %) | Non-adherence a(N = 429, %) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | <0.0001 | |||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 62 (47–87) | 57 (42–72) | 67 (52–87) | |
| 0–19 | 13 (1.32) | 7 (1.63) | 6 (1.08) | |
| 20–34 | 119 (12.06) | 35 (8.16) | 84 (15.05) | |
| 35–49 | 173 (17.53) | 56 (13.05) | 117 (20.97) | |
| 50–64 | 260 (26.34) | 100 (23.31) | 160 (28.67) | |
| ≥65 | 422 (42.76) | 231 (53.85) | 191 (34.23) | |
| Sex | 0.9917 | |||
| Male | 598 (60.59) | 338 (60.57) | 260 (60.61) | |
| Female | 389 (39.41) | 220 (39.43) | 169 (39.39) | |
| Insurance type | 0.1402 | |||
| Health insurance | 890 (90.17) | 510 (91.40) | 380 (88.58) | |
| Medical aid | 97 (9.83) | 48 (8.60) | 49 (11.42) | |
| Medical institution type | 0.2605 | |||
| Tertiary hospital | 355 (35.97) | 150 (34.97) | 205 (36.74) | |
| General hospital | 507 (51.37) | 221 (51.52) | 286 (51.25) | |
| Primary hospital | 94 (9.52) | 48 (11.19) | 46 (8.24) | |
| Clinic | 31 (3.14) | 10 (2.33) | 21 (3.76) | |
| Regimen type | <0.0001 | |||
| Triple regimen (Three among the first-line drugs) b | 186 (18.84) | 56 (10.04) | 130 (30.30) | |
| Quadruple regimen (HREZ, HEZ+Rfb, HREZ+Rfb) | 801 (81.16) | 502 (89.96) | 299 (69.70) | |
| Formulation of tablet | 0.0508 | |||
| Single tablet | 796 (80.65) | 438 (78.49) | 358 (83.45) | |
| Combination tablet | 191 (19.35) | 120 (21.51) | 71 (16.55) | |
| Comorbidities c | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 331 (33.54) | 154 (27.60) | 177 (41.26) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 320 (32.42) | 180 (32.26) | 140 (32.63) | 0.9005 |
| Chronic liver disease | 134 (13.58) | 72 (12.90) | 62 (14.45) | 0.4813 |
| Malnutrition | 202 (20.47) | 108 (19.35) | 94 (21.91) | 0.3237 |
| Depression | 132 (13.37) | 61 (10.93) | 71 (16.55) | 0.0102 |
| Dementia | 125 (12.66) | 39 (6.99) | 86 (20.05) | <0.0001 |
| Comedication d | ||||
| Systemic steroid | 106 (10.73) | 45 (8.06) | 61 (14.22) | 0.0020 |
| Pyridoxine | 771 (78.12) | 433 (77.60) | 338 (78.79) | 0.6542 |
| Concomitant drugs d | 0.0018 | |||
| 1–4 | 237 (24.01) | 131 (23.48) | 106 (24.71) | |
| 5–8 | 315 (31.91) | 203 (36.38) | 112 (26.11) | |
| >8 | 435 (44.07) | 224 (40.14) | 211 (49.18) |
H, isoniazid; R, rifampicin(rifampin); E, ethambutol; Z, pyrazinamide; Rfb, rifabutin; cOR, crude odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
aAdherence to tuberculosis drugs defined as proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥80%, non-adherence to tuberculosis drugs defined as proportion of days covered <80%.
b
First-line drugs for drug-susceptible tuberculosis: isoniazid, rifampicin (rifampin), ethambutol, pyrazinamide, rifabutin.
c
Comorbidities were assessed during index year.
dComedications and concomitant drugs were assessed during 180-days adherence assessment period.