Table 3.
Diagnostic role of miRNAs in AD.
| microRNA | Expression pattern | Samples | ROC curve analysis | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | Specificity | AUC | ||||
| miR-133b | Downregulated | Serum samples from 105 AD patients and 98 control individuals | 90.8% | 74.3% | 0.907 | Yang et al., 2019b |
| miRNA-101a | Downregulated | Plasma samples from 46 AD patients 60 healthy individuals | 0.913 | 0.733 | 0.8725 | Xiao et al., 2019 |
| miR-433 | Downregulated | Serum samples from 118 AD patients and 62 healthy controls | 78.8% | 80.6% | 0.827 | Wang and Zhang, 2020 |
| miR-433 | Downregulated | CSF samples from 32 AD patients and 12 controls | 84.4% | 91.7% | 0.952 | |
| hsa-miR-21-5p | Downregulated (in AD patients compared with DLB patients) | Plasma extracellular vesicles from 18 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 10 AD patients and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls | - | - | 0.93 | Gámez-Valero et al., 2019 |
| hsa-miR-451a | Downregulated (in AD patients compared with DLB patients) | - | - | 0.95 | ||
| miR-103 | Downregulated (in AD patients compared with PD patients and controls) | Plasma samples from 120 AD patients, 120 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 120 healthy subjects | 80.0% | 84.2% | 0.891 | Wang et al., 2020 |
| miR-103 | Downregulated (in AD patients compared with PD patients and controls) | 86.7% | 55.0% | 0.775 | ||
| miR-107 | Downregulated (in AD patients compared with controls) | 77.5% | 59.2% | 0.739 | ||
| miR-132 | Downregulated | Blood samples (for neurally derived plasma exosomes) from 16 AD patients, 16 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 31 controls | - | - | 0.58 (distinguishing AD and MCI patients from controls) | Cha et al., 2019 |
| miR-132 | Downregulated | - | - | 0.77 (distinguishing AD patients from controls) | ||
| miR-212 | Downregulated | - | - | 0.68 (distinguishing AD and MCI patients from controls) | ||
| miR-212 | Downregulated | - | - | 0.84 (distinguishing AD patients from controls) | ||
| has-miR-346 has-miR-345-5p has-miR-122-3p has-miR-208b-3p has-miR-1291 hsa-miR-640 has-miR-499a-5p has-miR-650 has-miR-1285-3p has-miR-1299 has-miR-1267 has-miR-206 |
Upregulated Upregulated Upregulated Downregulated Upregulated Upregulated Downregulated Upregulated Upregulated Upregulated Upregulated Downregulated |
Serum samples from 51 controls and 32 AD patients | 90.0% | 66.7% | - | Zhao et al., 2020 |
| miR-106b | Downregulated | Serum samples from 56 AD patients and 50 healthy volunteers | 94% | 62% | 0.80. | Madadi et al., 2020 |
| miR-16-5p | Downregulated | CSF samples from 17 Young-onset AD (YOAD), 13 Late-onset AD (LOAD) and 12 healthy controls | - | - | 0.760 | McKeever et al., 2018 |
| miR-451a | Downregulated | - | - | 0.951 | ||
| miR-605-5p | Downregulated | - | - | 0.706 | ||
| miR-125b-5p | Upregulated | - | - | 0.723 | ||
| miR-451a | Downregulated | - | - | 0.847 | ||
| miR-605-5p | Downregulated | - | - | 0.765 | ||
| miR-125b-5p | Upregulated | - | - | 0.785 | ||
| miR-501-3p | Downregulated | Serum samples from 36 patients with AD and 22 age-matched control volunteers | 53% | 100%, | 0.82 | Hara et al., 2017 |
| hsa-miR-26a-5p hsa-miR-181c-3p hsa-miR-126-5p hsa-miR-22-3p hsa-miR-148b-5p hsa-miR-106b-3p hsa-miR-6119-5p hsa-miR-1246 hsa-miR-660-5p |
Downregulated Downregulated Downregulated Downregulated Downregulated Upregulated Upregulated Upregulated Upregulated |
Serum samples 121 patients with AD and 86 healthy controls | - | - | 0.987 | Guo et al., 2017 |
| hsa-miR-106a-5p | Downregulated | Blood samples from 172 AD patients and 109 healthy controls | 68% | 93% | - | Yilmaz et al., 2016 |
| miR-31 miR-93 miR-143 miR-146a |
Downregulated Downregulated Downregulated Downregulated |
Serum samples 79 AD patients and 75 controls | - | - | 0.709 | Li et al., 2015 |
| miR-342-3p | Downregulated | Serum samples from 208 patients with AD and 205 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers | 81.5% | 70.1% | - | Tan et al., 2014 |
| miR-125a-5p | Upregulated | CSF samples from 48 patients with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 48 patients with AD and 44 healthy controls | 74% | 82% | 0.75 | Denk et al., 2018 |
| miR-30a-5p | Upregulated | 78% | 68% | 0.73 | ||
| miR-20a-5p | Upregulated | Serum samples from 48 patients with bvFTD, 47 patients with AD, and 38 healthy controls | - | 92% | 0.85 | |
| miR-29b-3p | Upregulated | 93% | - | 0.83 | ||
| miR-26b-5p | Upregulated | 89% | 89% | 0.97 | ||
| miR-320a | Downregulated | 83% | 90% | 0.90 | ||
| miR-483-5p | Upregulated | Plasma samples from 20 AD patients, 15 MCI-AD patients and 15 non-demented controls (CTR) | - | - | 0.99 (AD vs. CTR) | Nagaraj et al., 2017 |
| miR-483-5p | - | - | 0.95 (MCI-AD vs. CTR) | |||
| miR-502-3p | Upregulated | - | - | 0.94 (AD vs. CTR) | ||
| miR-502-3p | - | - | 0.86 (MCI-AD vs. CTR) | |||
| miR-485-3p | Upregulated | Serum samples from 89 AD patients and 62 healthy controls | 84.3% | 96.8% | 0.933 | Yu et al., 2020 |
| miR-425 | Upregulated | Blood samples (for PBMC) from 45 AD patients and 41 age- and gender-matched healthy controls | - | - | 0.868 | Ren et al., 2016 |
| miR-339 | Upregulated | - | - | 0.761 | ||
| miR-206 | Upregulated (in aMCI-AD group compared with aMCI-aMCI group) | Serum sample from 458 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) | 95.5% | 77.8% | 0.95 | Xie et al., 2017 |
| miR-455-3p | Upregulated | Postmortem brain samples from 27 AD patients and 15 controls | - | - | 0.792 | Kumar and Reddy, 2018 |
| miR-455-3p | Upregulated | Skin fibroblast cell from 4 patients with familial AD, 6 patients with sporadic AD, and eight healthy control | - | - | 0.861 | |
| miR-455-3p | Upregulated | Serum samples from 10 AD patients, 20 MCI patients and 18 healthy controls | - | - | 0.79 | Kumar et al., 2017 |
| miR-455-3p | Upregulated | Postmortem brain tissues from 16 AD patients and 5 controls | - | - | 0.86 | |
| miR-34c | Upregulated | Plasma samples from 110 AD patients and 123 control subjects | 0.92 | 0.96 | 0.99 | Bhatnagar et al., 2014 |
| miR-29a | Upregulated | CSF samples from 18 patients with AD and 20 healthy volunteers | 89% | 70% | 0.87 | Müller et al., 2016 |