Figure 5. Needle insertion.

A. Position and direction of needle insertion. B. The needle tip can be left in the left ventricle halfway through the heart. Mind the trajectory so that the needle does not pierce through the septum (open arrowhead) into the right ventricles. C. Advance the needle into the aorta and clamp it at appropriate position (closed arrowhead). D. The needle tip is visible through the aortic wall (closed arrowhead). E. Make a small incision in the right atrium (closed arrowhead). F. The liver is filled with blood and appears red before perfusion. G. The liver loses blood and becomes pale after perfusion. H. Improper perfusion leads to accumulation of liquid in the lung and pulmonary edema (black arrowhead).