Table 3.
Pre and post (PP) intervention outcome differences.
| Pre-intervention cross-sectional sample | Post-intervention cross-sectional sample | Pre minus Post | t-Test | Effect size | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N | Mean (SD) | Total N | Mean (SD) | Mean difference | t-Statistic and p-value | Cohen's d | |||
| Primary outcome | QPR | 136 | 52.8 (15.6) | 99 | 57.3 (14.3) | −4.4 | −2.23, p = 0.01* | 0.29 | |
| Secondary outcomes | INSPIRE | INSPIRE-S | 135 | 68.8 (22.2) | 92 | 65.9 (24.6) | 2.9 | 0.86, p = 0.39 | |
| INSPIRE-R | 135 | 81.9 (18.4) | 95 | 82.7 (16.6) | −0.8 | −0.35, p = 0.36 | |||
| WEMWBS | 136 | 40.0 (11.4) | 99 | 43.1 (10.8) | −3.1 | −2.12, p = 0.02* | 0.28 | ||
| K10 | 136 | 29.3 (8.9) | 99 | 26.6 (8.0) | 2.8 | 2.44, p = 0.01* | 0.32 | ||
| Total N | N (%) | Total N | N (%) | % difference | t-Statistic and p-value | Overall change | |||
| GUPI:Prevalence of needs perceived | Unmet need | 136 | 120 (17.6) | 99 | 165 (33.3) | −15.7 | −2.8, p = 0.006* | More than 15% increase | |
| Need met | 135 | 384 (56.5) | 99 | 98 (19.8) | 36.7 | 5.6, p < 0.0001* | Decreased by more than 36% | ||
| No need | 135 | 169 (24.9) | 99 | 224 (45.3) | −20.4 | −3.3, p = 0.001* | More than 20% increase | ||
| GUPI:Prevalence of needs perceived as unmet for each variable. | Information | 136 | 22 (16.2) | 99 | 18 (18.2) | −2.0 | −0.4, p = 0.69 | ||
| Medication | 135 | 17 (12.5) | 99 | 19 (19.2) | −6.7 | −1.4, p = 0.16 | |||
| Counseling | 135 | 22 (16.2) | 99 | 27 (27.3) | −11.1 | −2.1, p = 0.04* | More than 10% increase | ||
| Practical Issues | 136 | 30 (12.8) | 99 | 17 (17.2) | −4.4 | −0.9, p = 0.35 | |||
| Skills training | 136 | 29 (12.3) | 99 | 17 (17.2) | −4.9 | 1.1, p = 0.29 | |||
The QPR, WEMWBS and K10 had improved mean results after the intervention. GUPI shows an increase by 10% post-intervention in the proportion of participants who reported an unmet need for counseling.
*
Significant difference at p < 0.05.