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. 2021 Mar 29;20:170. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03674-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 39 — Pathway 37 Animal health: Potentially altered anatomy, or host-seeking behaviour, in dsxF^CRISPRh transgenic could increase disease transmission in livestock. This pathway is about the efficiency of disease transmission, so any change in anatomical characteristics in the transgenics could increase the biting or probing rates or disease transmission rates. As dsxF^CRISPRh transgenic mosquitoes have reported anatomical alterations [17], anatomical structures implicated in disease transmission, such as the cibarial armature, can be examined in transgenics [102]. The net effect of a population suppression gene drive would ultimately reduce the impact of this specific harm by reducing the density of mosquitoes, including transgenic ones. The components of vectorial capacity (V) that would be affected in this pathway are shown in red in the equation