Table 1.
Female (N = 108) | Male (N = 251) | Total (N = 359) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Median or % | IQR | Median or % | IQR | Median or % | IQR | P a |
Demographic | |||||||
Age (years) | 50 | 14 | 51 | 15 | 51 | 15 | .707 |
African American race, % | 87 | 82 | 84 | .357 | |||
MSM, % | 51 | 36 | .662 | ||||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29 | 10 | 25 | 7 | 26 | 7 | <.001 |
HIV | |||||||
Viral loadb (copies/mL) | 0 | 59 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 45 | .539 |
<20, % | 67 | 70 | 69 | .759 | |||
20–200, % | 13 | 16 | 15 | .653 | |||
200–1 000 000, % | 20 | 14 | 16 | .281 | |||
ART adherence > 90%, % | 81 | 86 | 84 | .400 | |||
Hepatitis C coinfection, % | 20 | 16 | 17 | .386 | |||
Recent antibiotic usec, % | 37 | 22 | 26 | .004 | |||
Alcohol Use | |||||||
AUDIT (score) | 4 | 11 | 7 | 11 | 6 | 11 | .004 |
Lifetime (g) | 62 179 | 291 802 | 213 955 | 470 016 | 174 298 | 435 826 | <.001 |
30-day (g) | 84 | 399 | 224 | 915 | 168 | 754 | .004 |
PEthd (ng/μL, N = 352) | 14 | 89 | 49 | 240 | 34 | 179 | <.001 |
Smoke-Tobacco Use | |||||||
Current, % | 52 | 64 | 60 | .038 | |||
Pack-years in ever smokers | 7 | 18 | 9 | 20 | 8 | 20 | .039 |
Other Substance Use | |||||||
30-day (days) | 0 | 9 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 | .662 |
Lifetime (years) | 16 | 33 | 16 | 27 | 16 | 31 | .557 |
CD8+ T Cells (cells/μL, N = 335) | |||||||
Total | 683 | 404 | 759 | 422 | 730 | 429 | .115 |
Naive | 157 | 128 | 139 | 127 | 144 | 129 | .752 |
Activated | 28 | 22 | 27 | 34 | 28 | 30 | .890 |
Activated-senescent | 13 | 17 | 13 | 21 | 13 | 20 | .508 |
Exhausted | 4 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 8 | .441 |
TEMRA | 71 | 63 | 62 | 69 | 64 | 65 | .954 |
CD4+ T cells (cells/μL) | |||||||
Total | 548 | 378 | 484 | 340 | 505 | 365 | .456 |
Naive | 161 | 165 | 152 | 180 | 156 | 178 | .635 |
Activated | 9 | 7 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 7 | .410 |
Effector memory | 217 | 154 | 191 | 132 | 199 | 142 | .187 |
TEMRA | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | .996 |
Gut Injury/Leak | |||||||
iFABP (pg/mL) | 688 | 916 | 876 | 790 | 841 | 819 | .062 |
A1AT (fecal/plasma, N = 261) | 1.4 × 10−6 | 1.7 × 10−6 | 1.3 × 10−6 | 1.5 × 10−6 | 1.3 × 10−6 | 1.5 × 10−6 | .362 |
sCD14 (ng/mL) | 3553 | 2996 | 3432 | 2931 | 3467 | 2967 | .476 |
Abbreviations: A1AT, α-1-antitrypsin; ART, antiretroviral therapy; AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; iFABP, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; MSM, men who have sex with men; PEth, phosphatidylethanol; sCD14, soluble CD14; TEMRA, terminal effector memory cell re-expressing CD45RA.
aWilcoxon signed-rank or χ 2 test P values where variables were tested for association with sex. Bold indicates P < .050.
bValues beneath the limit of detection (<20 copies/mL) were set to zero.
cUsed in the preceding 4 months.
dValues beneath the limit of detection (<8 ng/μL) were set to zero.