Table 4.
Effect of spironolactone vs. placebo on biomarker values in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection without and with diabetes
| Biomarker | Spironolactone effect (% change) | Interaction P a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Non‐DM | DM | ||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 225 | −15% (−22, −8) | −10% (−17, −2) | 0.29 |
| UPCR (mg/mmol) | 187 | −21% (−37, −2) | −1% (−27, +36) | 0.21 |
| Urinary protein level (mg/dL) | 187 | −25% (−44, −0) | −1% (−32, +45) | 0.27 |
| hs‐CRP (mg/L) | 183 | −8% (−35, +29) | −13% (−40, +25) | 0.86 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 188 | −1% (−8, +7) | +2% (−8, +12) | 0.68 |
| NT‐proBNP (pg/mL) | 189 | −4% (−24, +20) | −31% (−50, −4) | 0.10 |
| hs‐TnT (ng/mL) | 189 | +9% (−13, +37) | −28% (−44, −7) | 0.027 |
| sST2 (ng/mL) | 188 | −10% (−21, +1) | −16% (−25, −7) | 0.34 |
| Aldosterone (ng/L) | 200 | +25% (+9, +42) | +16% (+1, +34) | 0.50 |
| PICP (ng/mL) | 164 | −9% (−25, +11) | −23% (−36, −7) | 0.24 |
| CITP (ng/mL) | 78 | −8% (−44, +50) | +22% (−29, +108) | 0.30 |
| PIIINP (ng/mL) | 168 | +12% (−4, +30) | +6% (−11, +27) | 0.77 |
| MMP‐2 (ng/mL) | 203 | −11% (−17, −5) | −7% (−14, +0) | 0.38 |
| MMP‐9 (ng/mL) | 203 | +17% (−0, +38) | +9% (−9, +31) | 0.74 |
| TIMP‐1 (ng/mL) | 203 | +2% (−4, +9) | −8% (−14, −2) | 0.024 |
| Gal‐3 (ng/mL) | 189 | +9% (+2, +16) | +2% (−7, +11) | 0.18 |
CITP, collagen type I; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; Gal‐3, galectin‐3; hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; hs‐TnT, high‐sensitivity troponin T; MMP‐2, matrix metalloproteinase 2; MMP‐9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; PICP, pro‐collagen type I carboxy‐terminal peptide; PIIINP, pro‐collagen type III amino‐terminal peptide; sST2, soluble ST2; TIMP‐1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; UPCR, urinary protein to creatinine ratio.
a
Adjusted for baseline value of biomarker.