Table 1.
Patient characteristics (N = 74)
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 67.2 ± 10.3 | n/a |
| Male | 62 | 84% |
| Ischaemic aetiology HF | 27 | 36% |
| NYHA Class I/II/III | 15/35/24 | 20%/47%/32% |
| CRT‐D device | 64 | 86% |
| ICD device | 10 | 14% |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15 | 20% |
| Serum creatinine in mg/dL (mean ± SD) | 1.29 ± 0.55 | n/a |
| eGFR in mL/min/BSA (mean ± SD) | 60 ± 23 | n/a |
| Medical therapy (N = 68) | ||
| Beta‐blocker | ||
| Pre‐activation | 56 | 82% |
| Post‐activation | 61 | 89% |
| ACE‐I/ARB/ARNI | ||
| Pre‐activation | 56 | 82% |
| Post‐activation | 56 | 82% |
| MRA | ||
| Pre‐activation | 36 | 53% |
| Post‐activation | 45 | 66% |
| Diuretics (loop + thiazide) | ||
| Pre‐activation | 47 | 69% |
| Post‐activation | 48 | 70% |
| Ivabradine | ||
| Pre‐activation | 3 | 4% |
| Post‐activation | 3 | 4% |
| Echocardiographic parameters | ||
| LVEF (mean ± SD in %) | 31 ± 11 | n/a |
| LVEDD (mean ± SD in mm) | 61 ± 9 | n/a |
| MR mild/moderate/severe | 52/11/10 | 70%/15%/14% |
ACE‐I, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNI, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor; BSA, body surface area; CRT‐D, cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; ICD, implantable cardiac defibrillator; LVEDD, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation.