Table 3.
Clinical and biological characteristics of patients diagnosed with iron deficiency (n = 364) according to whether iron supplementation was performed
| ID diagnosed | P‐value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| With IS | Without IS | ||
| n (%) | 168 (46.2) | 196 (53.8) | |
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age, years (IQR) | 69 (58–78) | 69 (58–78) | 0.920 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 101 (60.5) | 128 (67.0) | 0.199 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (IQR) | 26.1 (23.3–30.8) | 25.4 (22.6–30.0) | 0.167 |
| NYHA III–IV vs. I–II, n (%) | 70 (47.0) | 85 (45.2) | 0.747 |
| Current decompensation, n (%) | 75 (48.3) | 90 (48.6) | 0.962 |
| MLWHF total score (IQR) | 52 (40–69) | 51 (35–65) | 0.416 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL (IQR) | 108 (80–150) | 105 (77–136) | 0.011 |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL (IQR) | 11.9 (10.3–13.1) | 12.4 (11.0–13.9) | 0.005 |
| Anaemia, n (%) | 98 (60.9) | 97 (50.0) | 0.040 |
| Baseline medical history, n (%) | |||
| Diabetes | 65 (38.7) | 62 (31.6) | 0.159 |
| Hypertension | 107 (63.7) | 117 (59.7) | 0.435 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 81 (48.2) | 81 (41.3) | 0.187 |
| Smoking | 13 (7.7) | 28 (14.3) | 0.049 |
| AF | 51 (30.4) | 49 (25.0) | 0.254 |
| SAS | 12 (7.1) | 21 (10.7) | 0.237 |
| COPD | 14 (8.3) | 21 (10.7) | 0.442 |
| Renal dialysis | 4 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.030 |
| Clinical features of HF | |||
| ICM, n (%) | 83 (51.2) | 84 (45.4) | 0.278 |
| LVEF % (IQR) | 35 (25–45) | 35 (27–46) | 0.423 |
| HFrEF, n (%) | 99 (59.6) | 102 (54.8) |
|
| HFmEF, n (%) | 34 (20.5) | 42 (22.6) | |
| HFpEF, n (%) | 33 (19.9) | 42 (22.6) | |
| Newly diagnosed HF < 3 months, n (%) | 26 (16.0) | 28 (16.1) | 0.992 |
| Last decompensation, n (%) | |||
| <3 months | 84 (54.2) | 96 (54.2) |
|
| 3 months to 1 year | 42 (27.1) | 30 (16.8) | |
| >1 year | 29 (18.7) | 51 (28.8) | |
| NT‐proBNP, pg/mL (IQR) | 3169 (1250–9000) | 2059 (850–4353) | 0.003 |
| BNP, pg/mL (IQR) | 361 (193–1011) | 468 (233–748) | 0.130 |
| NT‐proBNP or BNP quartiles, n (IQR) | |||
| 1st | 23 (14.0) | 36 (18.9) | |
| 2nd to 3rd | 80 (48.8) | 112 (58.9) | 0.007 |
| 4th | 61 (37.2) | 42 (22.1) | |
| Treatments, n (%) | |||
| Diuretic | 145 (86.3) | 166 (84.7) | 0.063 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 105 (62.5) | 130 (66.3) | 0.447 |
| ARNi | 27 (16.1) | 24 (12.2) | 0.294 |
| Beta‐blocker | 142 (84.5) | 155 (79.1) | 0.182 |
| MRA | 91 (54.2) | 92 (46.9) | 0.169 |
| VKA | 104 (61.9) | 42 (21.4) | <0.0001 |
| NOAC | 22 (13.1) | 29 (14.8) | 0.641 |
| Antiplatelet therapy a | 73 (43.5) | 97 (49.5) | 0.250 |
| ICD | 54 (32.1) | 43 (21.9) | 0.028 |
| CRT | 28 (16.7) | 28 (14.3) | 0.530 |
| Recruitment site, n (%) | |||
| Hospitalization | 91 (59.1) | 122 (68.9) | |
| Consultation | 41 (26.6) | 41 (23.2) | 0.095 |
| Cardiac rehabilitation | 22 (14.3) | 14 (7.9) | |
ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; AF, atrial fibrillation/flutter; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNi, inhibitor of angiotensin and neprilysin; BMI, body mass index; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; HF, heart failure; HFmEF, heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy; ID, iron deficiency; IQR, interquartile range; IS, iron supplementation; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MLWHF, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire with ≥18 items completed; MRA, mineralocorticoid antagonist; NOAC, novel oral anticoagulants; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal prohormone of B‐type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SAS, sleep apnoea syndrome; VKA, vitamin K antagonist.
Corresponded to aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel.