Table 3.
BMI-specific incidence of diabetes (cases/1000 PYR) by sex and ethnicity
| BMI categories | South Asians (SA) | US blacks | US whites | SA versus US whites (ref) | US blacks versus US whites (ref) | ||||||||
| New cases | PYR | Incidence (95% CI) | New cases | PYR | Incidence (95% CI) | New cases | PYR | Incidence (95% CI) | IRR | IRD | IRR | IRD | |
| Men | |||||||||||||
| <25 | 66 | 3523 | 18.7 (14.2 to 23.3) |
34 | 2570 | 13.2 (8.7 to 17.6) |
65 | 10 384 | 6.3 (4.7 to 7.8) |
2.99 (2.09 to 4.28) |
12.5 (7.7 to 17.2) |
2.11 (1.35 to 3.25) |
7.0 (2.3 to 11.7) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 62 | 1710 | 36.2 (27.2 to 45.3) |
83 | 3593 | 23.2 (18.2 to 28.2) |
276 | 18 712 | 14.8 (13.0 to 16.5) |
2.46 (1.84 to 3.25) |
21.5 (12.3 to 30.7) |
1.57 (1.21 to 2.01) |
8.4 (3.1 to 13.6) |
| ≥30 | 24 | 558 | 43.0 (25.8 to 60.2) |
98 | 1910 | 51.5 (41.3 to 61.7) |
242 | 6810 | 35.7 (31.2 to 40.2) |
1.21 (0.76 to 1.84) |
7.4 (−10.3 to 25.2) |
1.44 (1.13 to 1.83) |
15.8 (4.7 to 26.9) |
| Women | |||||||||||||
| <25 | 49 | 2214 | 22.2 (16.0 to 28.4) |
29 | 2802 | 10.4 (6.6 to 14.1) |
89 | 21 171 | 4.2 (3.4 to 5.1) |
5.27 (3.64 to 7.54) |
17.9 (11.7 to 24.2) |
2.46 (1.56 to 3.78) |
6.1 (2.3 to 10.0) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 67 | 1891 | 35.3 (26.8 to 43.8) |
115 | 5085 | 22.7 (18.5 to 26.8) |
155 | 12 999 | 11.9 (10.0 to 13.7) |
2.97 (2.20 to 3.98) |
23.5 (14.8 to 32.2) |
1.9 (1.48 to 2.43) |
10.7 (6.2 to 15.2) |
| ≥30 | 69 | 1303 | 52.8 (40.3 to 65.2) |
228 | 5604 | 40.9 (35.6 to 46.2) |
209 | 8190 | 25.5 (22.1 to 29.0) |
2.07 (1.56 to 2.74) |
27.4 (14.5 to 40.4) |
1.59 (1.32 to 1.93) |
15.2 (8.9 to 21.5) |
Age-adjusted incidence reported.
IRR (ratio of incidence rates) calculated as South Asians/US blacks (incidence rate) divided by US whites (incidence rate).
IRD (risk difference, cases/1000 PYR) calculated as South Asians/US blacks (incidence rate) minus US whites (incidence rate).
IRR and IRD calculated from crude incidence rates.
Diabetes defined as FPG ≥7.00 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) or self-reported/physician-diagnosed diabetes or medication.
BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; IRD, incidence risk difference; IRR, incidence rate ratio; PYR, person-years; ref, reference.