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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 29.
Published in final edited form as: Biomed Mater Eng. 2021;32(1):1–14. doi: 10.3233/BME-201132

Figure 7:

Figure 7:

The peak transmitted forces (Fmax) as a function of drop height for test Groups I and II. (A) The peak transmitted forces as a function of drop height for Group I (the off-the-shelf helmets) and Group II (the helmets with air bubble cushioning liner). B: The impact force reduction ratio (η) as a function of drop height. The drop height designated in ANSI Z89.1 is 1.54 m and 1.73 m, respectively, for a frictionless condition and for the current system including the frictional loss. The maximal acceptable transmitted force magnitude in ANSI Z89.1 is 4.45 kN.