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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 29.
Published in final edited form as: Biomed Mater Eng. 2021;32(1):1–14. doi: 10.3233/BME-201132

Table 1:

The peak transmitted forces (Fmax) for test Groups I and II and the impact force reduction ratio (η) for different drop heights.

Drop height Test group I Test group II Force reduct ration
h Fpeak no-air Std Fpeak air Std η Std
(m) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (%) (%)
0.61 1.59 0.03 1.58 0.03 99.74 2.72
1.52 2.48 0.03 2.47 0.05 99.60 2.52
1.63 2.65 0.24 2.54 0.02 96.07 8.73
1.73 2.94 0.66 2.60 0.02 88.22 19.70
1.83 7.33 3.87 2.69 0.03 36.66 19.37
1.93 14.40 2.51 2.52 0.22 17.50 3.40