Table 2. Proposed criteria for EVALI.

EVALI: E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction [3,6].

Confirmed case

Use of an e-cigarette ("vaping") or "dabbing" in the previous 90 days*

Lung opacities on chest radiograph or computed tomography

Exclusion of lung infection based on: Negative influenza PCR or rapid test (unless out of season); Negative respiratory viral panel; Negative testing for clinically indicated respiratory infections (e.g., urine antigen test for Legionella and Streptococcus pneumoniae, blood cultures, sputum cultures if producing sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage if performed); Negative testing for HIV-related opportunistic respiratory infections (if appropriate)

Absence of a plausible alternative diagnosis (e.g., cardiac, neoplastic, rheumatologic)