Box 3.

Drugs associated with gynaecomastia

Anti-androgen	5-α reductase inhibitors (finasteride)
Antihypertensive	Calcium channel blockers, spironolactone, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Antiretroviral	Protease inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Antifungal/-microbial	Ketoconazole, metronidazole, isoniazid
Antipsychotic	Haloperidol, olanzapine, risperidone, ziprasidone, paliperidone, fluoxetine, gabapentin, pregabalin, venlafaxine, aripiprazole, diazepam, amisulpride, quetiapine
Antiparasite	Phenothrin
Analgesics	Opioids
Cardiovascular	Digoxin, amiodarone, statins, clonidine, clopidogrel, sildenafil
Chemotherapy drug	Methotrexate, alkylating agents, cisplatin, vincristine, bleomycin, dasatinib, imatinib
Exogenous hormones	Oestrogens, steroids, androgens
Gastrointestinal drug	Proton pump inhibitors, H2 histamine blockers, domperidone, misoprostol
Illicit and recreational	Amphetamines, cannabis, heroin, methadone, alcohol
Herbal supplements	Lavender, soy protein, tea tree oil, tribulus, common nettle
Other	Theophylline, penicillamine, ivacaftor, gonadotrophin-releasing agents