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. 2021 Mar 16;12:567470. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.567470

TABLE 4.

Mental health comparison between the average values of the participants and the average values of the Italian normative sample.

GHQ-12
Participants
Italian normative sample
t (df) p Cohen’s d
M (SD) M (SD)
Male 17.51 (5.63) 9.8 (4.9) 17,633 (165) 0.000 1.47
Female 18.23 (6.13) 11.1 (5.7) 25,647 (485) 0.000 1.20