TABLE 2.

Regulation of expression of AQPs during infectious diseases.

AQPs	Tissue	Infectious agents	Regulation of expression	Disease	Experimental species	References
AQP1	Leukocytes	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	↑	Sepsis	Human	Vassiliou et al., 2013
	THP-1 cells	LPS, Terbutaline	↑	Endotoxemia	Mice	Rump et al., 2013
	Kidney	LPS	Deficient	Acute kidney injury (AKI)	Mice	Montiel et al., 2014
	Lung epithelia cells	Adenovirus	↓	Bronchitis	Mouse	Towne et al., 2000
	Human liver tissues	Hepatitis B virus	↑	Liver cirrhosis	Human	Xian et al., 2009
	Rotavirus		↓	Infantile gastroenteritis	Mouse	Cao M. et al., 2014
	Heart	LPS	Deficient	Cardiac hypertrophy	Mice	Madonna et al., 2012
	Cervix	HPV	↑	Cervical cancer	Human	Chen et al., 2014
	Lung cells	LPS	↓	Sepsis	Rat	Tao et al., 2016
AQP2	Kidney	LPS	↓	Endotoxemia-induced AKI	Rat	Grinevich et al., 2004; Chagnon et al., 2008; Olesen et al., 2009
	Colon	E. coli	Mislocalization	Diarrhea	Mouse	Zhu et al., 2016
	Colon	C. rodentium	Mislocalization	Diarrhea	Mice	Guttman et al., 2007
	Kidney	LPS	↓	AKI	Rat	Chagnon et al., 2008; Cui et al., 2011; Rodrigues et al., 2012; Suh et al., 2015
AQP3	THP-1 cells	LPS	↓	Diarrhea	Human colon epithelial cells	Li et al., 2015
	Duodenum	V. cholera	↓	Diarrhea	Human epithelial cells	Flach et al., 2007
	Squamous epithelial cells, Lymph node	Epstein-Barr virus		Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymphoma	Human	Wang J. et al., 2018
	Colon	AQP inhibitor	↓	Diarrhea	Rat	Ikarashi et al., 2012
	HT-29 cells	LPS	Inhibition	Diarrhea	Rat	Li et al., 2015
	Colon	E. coli	Mislocalization	Diarrhea	Mouse	Zhu et al., 2016
	Cervix	HPV	↑	Cervical cancer	Human	Chen et al., 2014
	Gastric mucosa	H. pylori	↑	Gastric cancer	Rat	Wang G. et al., 2012; Wen et al., 2018
	Colon	HgCl2 and CuSO4	Inhibition	Diarrhea	Rat	Ikarashi et al., 2012
	Colon	C. rodentium	Mislocalization	Diarrhea	Mice	Guttman et al., 2007
	Liver	Plasmodium spp.	Relocalization	Malaria	Human hepatoma cells, Rat	Bietz et al., 2009; Posfai et al., 2018, 2020
AQP4	Brain	LPS	↑	Brain edema	Mice	Du et al., 2014
	Brain	Endotoxin, Systemic sepsis	↑	Brain edema	Animals	Davies, 2002
	Intestinal epithelial cells	Rotavirus	↓	Infantile gastroenteritis	Mouse	Cao M. et al., 2014
	Brain	Dengue virus	↑Anti-AQP4	NMOSD	Human	Lana-Peixoto et al., 2018
	Astrocyte	HIV	↑	HIV-Dementia	Human	St Hillaire et al., 2005
	Brain	Herpes simplex virus	↓	Encephalitis	Mice	Martinez Torres et al., 2007
	Astrocyte	SHIV	↓	Cortical degeneration	Macaques	Xing et al., 2017
	Brain (Protective role)	P. berghei	↓	Cerebral malaria	Mice	Promeneur et al., 2013
	Liver	S. japonicum	↓	Schistosomiasis	Mice	Zhang et al., 2015
AQP5	THP-1 cells	LPS	↓	Sepsis	Mice	Rump et al., 2013
	Bronchial epithelial cells	LPS	↓	Bronchitis	Human bronchial epithelial cells	Shen et al., 2012
	Lung epithelial cells	Adenovirus	↓	edema	Mouse	Towne et al., 2000
	Lung cells	LPS	↓	Sepsis	Rat	Tao et al., 2016
AQP6	C3H10T1/2 chimeric cells	Hazara virus	↓	Severe hemorrhagic manifestations	Human	Molinas et al., 2016
AQP7	Colons	Dextran sodium sulfate	↓	Colonic injury	Mouse, Human	Hardin et al., 2004
AQP8	Lung cells	LPS	ua	Pulmonary injury	Rat	Kang et al., 2017
	Jejunum	E. coli and LPS	↓	Diarrhea	Piglet	Loos et al., 2012; Hou et al., 2013
	Intestinal epithelial cells	Rotavirus	↓	Infantile gastroenteritis	Mouse	Cao M. et al., 2014
	Small intestine	cholera toxin	↓	Diarrhea	Rat	Flach et al., 2004
			↓	Colonic injury	Mouse, Human	Hardin et al., 2004
	Sperm cells	Human papilloma virus	Inhibition	Male sub-fertility	Human	Pellavio et al., 2020
	Liver	LPS	↓	Cholestasis	Rat	Lehmann et al., 2008
AQP9	Lung cells	LPS	ua	Pulmonary injury	Rat	Kang et al., 2017
	Brain	LPS	↑	Edema	Rat	Wang et al., 2009
	Leukocyte	LPS	↑	Endotoximia	Human	Talwar et al., 2006
	Leukocyte	N-formylmethiony lleucylphenylalanine	↑	Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)	Human	Matsushima et al., 2014
	Brain	HSV-1	↑	Encephalitis	Rat	Jennische et al., 2015; Bello-Morales et al., 2020
	Macrophages	P. aeruginosa	↑	Bacterial infection	Human	Holm et al., 2015, 2016
	Blood	Bacterial LPS	↑	Endocarditis	Human	Talwar et al., 2006; Thuny et al., 2012
	Liver	Plasmodium spp.	Relocalization	Malaria	Mice	Liu et al., 2007
AQP10	Duodenum	Cholera toxin	↓	Diarrhea	Human	Flach et al., 2007

↑, up-regulation; ↓, down-regulation; ua, unaffected.