Table 2:

Associations between participant characteristics and GAD-7 trajectory classes

	Class 2 (vs Class 1)			Class 3 (vs Class 1)			Class 4 (vs Class 1)			Class 5 (vs Class 1)
	RRR	95% CIs	p-value	RRR	95% CIs	p-value	RRR	95% CIs	p-value	RRR	95% CIs	p-value
Gender: Women (vs men)	1.12	(0.97;1.29)	0.137	1.16	(1.06;1.28)	0.002	1.56	(1.31;1.85)	<0.001	2.04	(1.66;2.5)	<0.001
Age: 18–29 years (vs 60+ years)	2.56	(2.01;3.25)	<0.001	2.13	(1.81;2.5)	<0.001	4.21	(3.2;5.53)	<0.001	2.71	(2.03;3.62)	<0.001
Age: 30 to 45 years (vs 60+ years)	2.03	(1.64;2.52)	<0.001	1.70	(1.47;1.97)	<0.001	3.09	(2.39;3.99)	<0.001	1.90	(1.44;2.51)	<0.001
Age: 46 to 59 years (vs 60+ years)	1.55	(1.29;1.87)	<0.001	1.40	(1.24;1.58)	<0.001	1.91	(1.52;2.4)	<0.001	1.61	(1.27;2.05)	<0.001
Ethnicity: Black, Asian, Minority (vs White)	1.22	(0.98;1.53)	0.078	1.32	(1.14;1.52)	<0.001	1.25	(0.99;1.59)	0.059	0.73	(0.53;1.01)	0.058
Education: Low (vs High)	1.23	(1.02;1.47)	0.026	0.93	(0.82;1.05)	0.239	1.23	(1;1.5)	0.046	1.21	(0.96;1.51)	0.104
Education: Medium (vs High)	1.15	(0.98;1.35)	0.096	0.90	(0.81;1)	0.056	0.85	(0.71;1.02)	0.080	1.20	(0.99;1.46)	0.065
Income: <£30,000 (vs >£30,000)	1.63	(1.4;1.9)	<0.001	1.20	(1.09;1.33)	<0.001	1.29	(1.09;1.53)	0.003	1.14	(0.95;1.37)	0.160
Income: prefer not to say (vs >£30,000)	1.19	(0.95;1.48)	0.127	1.04	(0.9;1.21)	0.603	0.79	(0.6;1.04)	0.095	0.83	(0.63;1.1)	0.196
Alone (vs With others, no children)	1.13	(0.95;1.34)	0.162	1.20	(1.07;1.34)	0.002	1.24	(1.01;1.51)	0.037	0.91	(0.72;1.15)	0.433
Living with others, with children (vs Others, no children)	1.17	(0.99;1.39)	0.061	1.10	(0.99;1.24)	0.085	1.27	(1.06;1.52)	0.009	1.14	(0.94;1.39)	0.191
Mental health diagnosis (vs none)	5.73	(4.99;6.58)	<0.001	2.83	(2.55;3.14)	<0.001	3.15	(2.67;3.7)	<0.001	2.08	(1.73;2.5)	<0.001
Carer (vs not a carer)	1.26	(1.06;1.5)	0.009	1.22	(1.08;1.37)	0.001	1.00	(0.82;1.23)	0.975	0.98	(0.79;1.22)	0.866
Keyworker (vs not a keyworker)	1.06	(0.9;1.25)	0.485	1.05	(0.94;1.17)	0.388	1.33	(1.13;1.57)	0.001	1.50	(1.25;1.8)	<0.001
Long-term health condition (vs none)	1.84	(1.61;2.1)	<0.001	1.33	(1.21;1.46)	<0.001	1.30	(1.12;1.51)	0.001	1.40	(1.18;1.65)	<0.001
Overcrowded living (vs not)	1.31	(1.09;1.57)	0.005	1.32	(1.16;1.5)	<0.001	1.04	(0.84;1.29)	0.717	1.03	(0.81;1.31)	0.811
Urban (vs Rural)	1.12	(0.98;1.28)	0.088	1.02	(0.94;1.12)	0.612	0.99	(0.85;1.14)	0.846	1.16	(0.99;1.37)	0.066
Social: every day (vs once/twice a week)	1.10	(0.86;1.41)	0.429	1.03	(0.89;1.21)	0.676	1.21	(0.95;1.54)	0.126	1.73	(1.34;2.24)	<0.001
Social: three/four times a week (vs once/twice a week)	1.08	(0.9;1.29)	0.400	0.90	(0.8;1.01)	0.071	0.86	(0.7;1.04)	0.117	1.19	(0.96;1.47)	0.120
Social: once/twice a month (vs once/twice a week)	1.15	(0.96;1.38)	0.117	1.02	(0.91;1.15)	0.738	0.80	(0.65;0.99)	0.039	1.28	(1.03;1.6)	0.027
Social: less once month (vs once/twice a week)	1.62	(1.34;1.96)	<0.001	1.27	(1.11;1.46)	0.001	1.25	(1;1.58)	0.053	1.21	(0.92;1.59)	0.178
Personality: Neuroticism	1.42	(1.39;1.45)	<0.001	1.23	(1.21;1.24)	<0.001	1.26	(1.23;1.28)	<0.001	1.37	(1.34;1.4)	<0.001
Personality: Extraversion	1.00	(0.98;1.02)	0.930	1.02	(1;1.03)	0.007	1.05	(1.03;1.07)	<0.001	1.04	(1.02;1.06)	<0.001
Personality: Openness	1.07	(1.05;1.09)	<0.001	1.04	(1.03;1.06)	<0.001	1.05	(1.03;1.07)	<0.001	1.08	(1.05;1.1)	<0.001
Personality: Agreeableness	0.97	(0.95;0.99)	0.001	1.01	(0.99;1.02)	0.207	0.99	(0.96;1.01)	0.271	1.00	(0.97;1.02)	0.745
Personality: Conscientiousness	1.05	(1.02;1.07)	<0.001	0.98	(0.97;1)	0.011	1.02	(1;1.05)	0.083	1.05	(1.02;1.08)	0.002

Notes: RRR = relative risk ratio; 95%CIs = 95% confidence intervals. Figures in bold are statistically significant at p < 0.05.