Table 3.
Clinical relevance of sNfL and sGFAP in MOGAD examined by univariate and multivariate regression models.
| Clinical parameter (Number of samples) | sNfL (pg/mL) | sGFAP (pg/mL) | Univariate(sNfL) | Multivariate(sNfL) | Univariate(sGFAP) | Multivariate(sGFAP) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | β | 95%CI | p-value | β | 95%CI | p-value | β | 95%CI | p-value | β | 95%CI | p-value | |
| Age at sampling (42) | – | – | 1.28 | 1.01–1.49 | 0.933 | 0.98 | 0.97–1.11 | 0.386 | 1.50 | 1.47–1.52 | 0.274 | 1.38 | 1.36–1.39 | 0.048 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||||
| Female (22) | 11.2 (9.0–26.0) | 116.6 (84.1–171.2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Male (20) | 43.4 (31.3–63.4) | 182.5 (125.2–270.4) | 2.60 | 1.31–4.90 | 0.007 | 1.13 | 0.54–2.27 | 0.422 | 1.51 | 0.90–2.36 | 0.118 | – | – | |
| EDSS score at sampling (42) | – | – | 1.52 | 1.23–1.85 | 0.013 | 1.98 | 1.49–2.41 | 0.013 | 1.74 | 1.49–2.01 | 0.010 | 1.52 | 1.36–1.66 | 0.008 |
| Disease duration (42) | – | – | 0.98 | 0.97–0.99 | 0.597 | – | – | 0.94 | 0.94–0.95 | 0.221 | – | – | ||
| Recent relapse (<60 d) | ||||||||||||||
| Yes (23) | 34.1 (17.6–64.3) | 187.7 (123.3–274.9) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| No (19) | 12.5 (9.1–48.4) | 108.5 (77.6–149.4) | 2.05 | 1.01–4.54 | 0.049 | 1.71 | 0.90–3.00 | 0.205 | 1.86 | 1.14–3.00 | 0.015 | 1.61 | 1.01–2.23 | 0.061 |
| Spinal cord lesion in MRI during recent relapse | ||||||||||||||
| Yes (14) | 26.4 (10.8–244.9) | 141.9 (93.8–217.2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| No (28) | 27.1 (10.4–48.4) | 131.8 (101.1–456.7) | 1.57 | 1.24–1.82 | 0.253 | – | – | 1.34 | 0.74–2.01 | 0.298 | – | – | ||
| Brain lesion in MRI during recent relapse | ||||||||||||||
| Yes (22) | 42.7 (25.5–133.4) | 189.8 (106.5–280.9) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| No (20) | 11.9 (9.1–24.4) | 122.8 (84.7–146.7) | 3.03 | 1.42–5.44 | 0.002 | 2.80 | 1.20–4.32 | 0.023 | 1.71 | 1.00–2.71 | 0.036 | 1.61 | 1.02–2.45 | 0.015 |
| Treatment at sampling | ||||||||||||||
| Treated (37) | 19.2 (9.9–50.2) | 133.1 (88.4–220.9) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||||
| No treatment (5) | 64.3(36.6–188.9) | 144.9(131.3–623.9) | 2.87 | 1.25–4.91 | 0.061 | – | – | 1.36 | 0.74–2.46 | 0.452 | – | – | ||
sNfL, serum neurofilament light; sGFAP, serum glial fibrillary acidic protein; MOGAD, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated disease; IQR, interquartile range; CI: confidence interval; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. Estimates described in this table used the original scales (β). Treated means usage of steroid and/or immunosuppressant (includes oral immunosuppressant and rituximab). The p-values lower than 0.05 are in bold type.