Figure 2.

Dynamic changes in islet morphology, cell composition, and ultrastructure

(A) Representative immunofluorescent images showing consecutive pancreatic sections double-labeled either for insulin and glucagon or insulin and somatostatin (scale bar: 50 μm).

(B) Islet size distributions analyzed by morphometry (N = 5 mice/group).

(C and D) Quantification of glucagon (C) and somatostatin (D) stained area (N = 15–25 islets/group, N = 4–5 mice/group).

(E) Representative immunofluorescent images showing Ki67⁺ Ins⁺ cells in pancreatic sections (scale bar: 20 μm)

(F) Quantification of the percentage of Ki67⁺ Ins⁺ cells in total Ins⁺ cells (N ≥ 14 islets/group, N = 3–5 mice/group).

(G) Representative electron micrographs showing β-cells with insulin-containing granules after 2 mM or 20 mM glucose stimulation. Mitochondria (M), endoplasmic reticulum(RER), and vacuoles (V) are marked (scale bar: 2 μm).

(H–J) Quantification of mature (H), immature (I), and docked (J) insulin granules in β-cells of HFD and CD islets (N = 12 β-cells/group, N = 6–8 islets/group, N = 3 mice/group).

All data are expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using unpaired two-tailed t test. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01. See also Figure S2.