Table 1. Characteristics of EBT States and Non-EBT Statesa.
| Baseline characteristic | States value, mean (SD), % | |
|---|---|---|
| EBT (n = 36) | Non-EBT (n = 14) | |
| Baseline WIC participation rate | 52.4 (5.4) | 57.7 (10.4) |
| State residents living in poverty | 14.9 (3.1) | 14.5 (3.2) |
| Children living in poverty | 21.6 (4.3) | 21.4 (4.0) |
| Unemployment rate | 5.86 (0.9) | 6.78 (0.9) |
| Median household income, $ | 59 286 (8660) | 65 185 (9181) |
| Food insecurity rate | 15.8 (2.9) | 14.6 (2.8) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | 65.0 (14.0) | 56.2 (17.1) |
| Black | 12.2 (6.8) | 11.6 (10.2) |
| Hispanic | 15.7 (12.4) | 20.5 (14.7) |
Abbreviations: EBT, electronic benefits transfer; WIC, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.
a
All values represent the average (mean) values and associated SDs across all included states in each category, weighted by 2014 state population.