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. 2021 Mar 30;21:617. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10614-1
Perceptions of climate change
Level 1 code Level 2 code Level 3 code Definition
Climate Impacts
Temperature changes Abnormality in temperature ranges or rate of change compared to previous
Weather changes, extremes
Floods, Rain, Storms Floods, typhoons, changes in precipitation, hurricanes.
Snow Abnormal snowfall, snowstorms and blizzards.
Weather changes Extreme weather fluctuations, changes in weather throughout the years or abnormal weather.
Health and human impacts Direct or indirect climate-related health impacts on humans (e.g. increase in asthma, diseases) and other impacts on humans such as through food production (e.g. food shortages)
Ice, oceans, water Impacts of climate change on water or oceans (e.g. rising sea levels, glaciers and ice melting, pollution of oceans).
Loss of wildlife, habitat, biodiversity Extinction or decline of animals and/or habitat
Pests, invasive species More pests and invasive species becoming more apparent because of climate change and changing weather (e.g. ticks, pine beetles, etc.)
Fire, drought Increasing wildfires, drought, dryness.
Air quality, smog Smog, worsened air quality, air pollution in cities, etc.
Skepticism of impacts and changes (S) Doubts or denial of impacts being climate-driven
Causes
Culture/mentality Attitudes and culture of society as a whole being the problem for climate change (e.g. culture of dependency)
Economy Climate change being driven by economic profit
Fossil fuels, emissions Fossil fuels, vehicles, other emissions sources that contribute to climate change.
Government inaction Government failing to act or impeding action on climate change
Pollution Solid waste (e.g. garbage) and air pollution (worsened air quality) as part of the problem of climate change.
Population growth and urban sprawl Growth of cities and town transforming and impeding on natural environments, contributing to climate change
Responsibility for the problem The role of humans and specific cities or countries in driving the problem of climate change
Manufactured problem (S) Denial of climate change as a real problem, belief that it is manufactured for profits or political gain, or a perception that climate change is being blown out of proportion
Risk & Awareness
Lack of public knowledge A deficit of public knowledge on climate change or the risks in general.
Media coverage
Hearing it from media Getting information on climate change through the media
Media hype (S) Belief that climate change is being exaggerated by the media
Change is constant (S) Belief that climate change is natural or normal, or part of a cycle that is constantly changing
Skepticism or denial of the risk (S) Belief that climate change is not a risk personally or more generally, that the problem is not worsening
Temporal risk When people believe the risk of climate change will be realized
Geographic risk
Globally The risk of climate change for people around the world, or specifically in other countries
Locally The risk of climate change for the specific area or city that participants live in
Personally The risk of climate change to participants personally
Solutions and politics
Adaptation The necessity and measures of adapting to climate change.
Energy transition The necessity and measures of transitioning away from fossil fuel energy.
Individual and collective action The role of individual and/or collective action
Disbelief or skepticism of solutions (S) Skepticism or doubt around some of the climate change solutions (e.g. electric cars)
Climate science Scientific consensus on climate change
Lack of scientific knowledge (S) Belief that there is a lack of climate or weather data, and other scientific information on climate change
Government, politics The political dimensions of climate change
Perceptions of Lyme Disease
Level 1 code Level 2 code Level 3 code Definition
Lack of Knowledge
Public A deficit of knowledge on Lyme disease amongst the public, such as lack of public education on symptoms, consequences, and causes.
Medical A deficit of knowledge on Lyme Disease amongst doctors and medical professionals, such as misinformation or lack of capacity around diagnosis.
Causes of Spread
Climate Change Blacklegged ticks spreading and migrating because of specifically climate change.
Habitat change Blacklegged ticks migrating or moving because of loss of habitat cause by humans (e.g. deforestation, encroachment)
Migration Blacklegged ticks moving around on animals or otherwise naturally migrating to new areas
Weather Tick spreading is due to weather or humidity.
Spread is not climate change related (LS) The cause of ticks spreading is specifically not climate change related
Natural spread, cycles in ticks (LS) Spread of ticks to new areas is natural or part of a pattern or cycle in their populations
Illness Representation
Causes The source of Lyme Disease, such as the specific ticks that carry the disease
Symptoms The physical (e.g. bullseye rashes) and mental (e.g. depression) impacts of Lyme Disease.
Definition Participants feelings about ticks (e.g. disgust) or feelings about Lyme Disease (e.g. scared).
Consequences Outcomes of having Lyme Disease (e.g. loss of job, needing to travel to get treatment, etc.)
Trajectory The course of living with Lyme Disease (e.g. curable, chronic)
Treatment & Prevention
Preventative Behaviour What can be or has been done to avoid getting bitten by ticks and contracting Lyme Disease (e.g. applying bug spray)
Treatment The process, location, cost, etc. of medical treatment to cure or lessen Lyme disease symptoms
Risk and Awareness
Temporal and geographic dimensions of risk Who could get Lyme Disease, where they could get it (e.g. walking their dog, in their grass, etc.) and when they could get it (e.g. seasonality, etc.)
Increasing public awareness Hearing about Lyme Disease more, increasing discussion of the disease in the public sphere
Source of risk information Sources of information about Lyme Disease (e.g. radio, news, relationships)
Media coverage Coverage of Lyme Disease information through media specifically
Diagnosis or risk increasing (LS) Skepticism amongst participants about whether the risk of Lyme Disease is increasing or if increasing number of reported cases is just a result of doctors becoming more aware of Lyme Disease and how to diagnose it.
Risk is not new (LS) Ticks are not new, and have been around for a long time.
Absence of risk (LS) Lack of concern about Lyme Disease, belief that the disease risk is not significant