Fig 1.

Common EV isolation approaches and markers. Biological liquids, that is, the conditioned medium collected from cells in culture are subjected to a low-speed centrifugation (300 × g) to remove any intact floating cells and cell debris (top panel). Microvesicles can be purified by either filtering the conditioned medium through a 0.22 μm pore size filter, or by centrifugation at 10,000 × g (middle panel). The flow through or supernatant is then subjected to ultracentrifugation (120,000 × g) to pellet exosomes (bottom panel). The cells, microvesicles, and exosomes can be probed for the proteins listed under Commonly Used Markers