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. 2021 Mar 23;2021:6674658. doi: 10.1155/2021/6674658

Table 5.

Comparison according to postoperative sedation, side effects, and satisfaction.

Variables Ketamine (N = 30) Control (N = 30) P value Effect of ketamine relative to control
Mean ± SD 95% CI
Postoperative sedation
Minute 0 1.3 ± 0.5 0.3 ± 0.5 <0.001 1.0 ± 0.1 0.8–1.2
Minute 60 0.2 ± 0.4 0.0 ± 0.0 0.023 0.2 ± 0.1 0.0–0.3
Minute 120 0.1 ± 0.3 0.0 ± 0.0 0.155 0.1 ± 0.0 0.0–0.2

Satisfaction
Satisfaction 1.6 ± 0.5 2.8 ± 0.8 <0.001 -1.2 ± 0.2 −1.5–0.8

Perioperative side effects
RR (95% CI)
Headache Intraoperative 6 (20.0%) 0 (0.0%) §0.024
Postoperative 7 (23.3%) 6 (20.0%) #0.754 1.17 (0.44–3.07)
Diplopia Intraoperative 9 (30.0%) 0 (0.0%) §0.002
Postoperative 6 (20.0%) 0 (0.0%) §0.024

Perioperative psychedelic phenomena
Hallucination 2 (6.7%) 0 (0.0%) §0.492
Dissociation 6 (20.0%) 0 (0.0%) §0.024
Relaxation 25 (83.3%) 0 (0.0%) #<0.001
Euphoria 7 (23.3%) 0 (0.0%) §0.011
Dysphoria 1 (3.3%) 0 (0.0%) §0.999

Independent t-test. #Chi square test. §Fisher's Exact test. Significant. RR: relative risk. CI: confidence interval. Significant.