Figure 1. Pathophysiological Pathways to CHD in PTSD.
Note. The hypothesized pathways (solid lines) by which PTSD symptoms directly increase CHD risk and comorbid psychiatric conditions and adverse health behaviors increase CHD risk (dotted lines). PTSD = Posttraumatic stress disorder, ANS = Autonomic nervous system, APNS = Peripheral nervous system, SNS = Sympathetic nervous system, CRP = C-reactive protein, CHD = Coronary heart disease.
