Table 2.
LIWC speech features associated with overall Expressed Emotion (EE) classification based on a significant Spearman rank correlation or identification from the Boruta algorithm
| Spearman rank correlation | Cohen’s d (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Affect words* | 0.21 | −0.34 (−0.71, 0.02) | 0.02 |
| Anger* | 0.22 | −0.51 (−0.87, −0.14) | 0.01 |
| Authentic | −0.18 | 0.47 (0.11, 0.84) | 0.04 |
| Function words* | 0.14 | −0.31 (−0.67, 0.06) | 0.13 |
| Home | 0.23 | −0.47 (−0.84, −0.11) | 0.01 |
| Informal language* | −0.29 | 0.62 (0.25, 0.99) | 0.001 |
| Ingest* | 0.20 | −0.30 (−0.66, 0.06) | 0.03 |
| Insight* | −0.22 | 0.49 (0.13, 0.86) | 0.02 |
| Male references | 0.27 | −0.47 (−0.83, −0.10) | 0.002 |
| Negative emotion* | 0.21 | −0.31 (−0.67, 0.05) | 0.02 |
| Nonfluencies* | −0.28 | 0.59 (0.22, 0.96) | 0.001 |
| Relativity* | 0.03 | −0.09 (−0.45, 0.27) | 0.72 |
| See* | 0.19 | −0.39 (−0.75, −0.02) | 0.04 |
| Social* | 0.20 | −0.45 (−0.81, −0.08) | 0.03 |
| Space* | 0.21 | −0.43 (−0.79, −0.07) | 0.02 |
| Third-person singular | 0.22 | −0.46 (−0.83, −0.10) | 0.02 |
indicates speech features used in final SVM classification for EE