Table 1.

Clinical data of the PD group

	Mean ± SD (range)
Age (yr)	65.2 ± 8.6 (45.3 – 79.7)
Disease duration (yr)	5.6 ± 3.9 (0.2 – 14.6)
LEDD (mg)	463.1 ± 347.9 (0 – 1640)
MDS-UPDRS I	8.0 ± 4.3 (0 – 19)
MDS-UPDRS II	9.6 ± 5.4 (1 – 23)
MDS-UPDRS III	29.4 ± 8.4 (12 – 58)
MDS-UPDRS IV	1.8 ± 2.3 (0 – 13)
MDS-UPDRS total	48.9 ± 12.8 (25 – 83)
MoCA	27.7 ± 1.9 (23 – 30)
STAI-T	34.5 ± 10.3 (21 – 63)
BDI-II	7.4 ± 6.7 (0 – 36)
Apathy	8.8 ± 5.2 (1 – 20)
PFS-16	2.3 ± 0.9 (1 – 4)
PDQ39-SI	15.9 ± 11.2 (0–43.4)

BDI-II: Beck depression inventory-II, LEDD: Levodopa equivalent daily dose, MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (part III: Motor exam), MoCA: Montreal cognitive assessment test, PDQ39-SI: Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire - Summary Index, PFS-16: Parkinson’s fatigue scale (averaged scores), STAI-T: Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (also see Supplementary material).