Fig. 3. Layered Manhattan plot for smoking initiation (SmkInit) phenotype.
Each vertical line represents a SNP analyzed by the MAMBA, where the line extends to a purple cross indicating the fixed-effects p-value. Orange triangles on the same line indicate the MAMBA p-values for the same SNP. Green points are the p-values for randomly pruned markers included in the MAMBA model to ensure that both non-replicable and replicable associations are incorporated. P-values for the MAMBA model were calculated through a bootstrap procedure. All p-values are two-sided and not adjusted for multiple comparisons. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
