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. 2021 Mar 30;11:7178. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85878-z

Table 2.

Statistics on the within-cluster populations of the 10 most common nutritional patterns and the whole cohort.

Property type Whole cohort Cluster rank
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cluster size N 45,679 11,052 5,471 4,868 3,951 2,935 2,913 2,707 1,382 1,207 758
Proportion 24% 12% 11% 9% 6% 6% 6% 3% 3% 2%
Cumulative proportion 24% 36% 47% 56% 62% 68% 74% 77% 80% 82%
Geographical location variables North 30% 32% 27% 29% 36% 29% 27% 40% 14% 17% 26%
Midlands 27% 28% 30% 33% 36% 18% 27% 27% 10% 15% 37%
London 20% 19% 18% 17% 11% 22% 24% 16% 45% 36% 27%
South 23% 22% 25% 20% 18% 30% 23% 17% 32% 32% 11%
Admission variables Birth Year 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2015 2014 2015 2015 2015 2015
Gestational Age (weeks) 29 30 29 29 28 29 31 25 30 28 28
BW z-score − 0.23 − 0.09 − 0.22 − 0.31 − 0.41 − 0.36 0.27 − 0.35 − 0.24 − 0.37 − 0.20
Resuscitation 8% 6% 8% 7% 9% 9% 2% 17% 5% 9% 12%
Antenatal Steroids 90% 89% 93% 93% 91% 89% 91% 85% 93% 94% 88%
Sex (% girls) 46% 45% 46% 49% 47% 47% 43% 40% 47% 45% 40%
Apgar 1 min 6 7 6 6 6 6 8 4 7 6 6
Apgar 5 min 8 9 8 9 8 8 9 7 9 8 8
Apgar 10 min 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 8 9 9 9
Outcome variables Mortality 8% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1% 0% 76% 0% 0% 27%
Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC) 3% 2% 0% 0% 3% 2% 0% 11% 0% 0% 34%
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) 27% 20% 26% 30% 46% 36% 2% 11% 15% 36% 40%
Maternal Milk at Discharge 54% 34% 99% 90% 27% 8% 93% 32% 89% 98% 30%
Length of Stay (days) 49 42 52 54 70 60 30 9 43 65 60
W36 z− score − 1.59 − 1.33 − 1.66 − 1.68 − 1.74 − 1.53 − 1.29 − 1.59 − 1.69 − 1.64 − 1.78
W36dz − 1.20 − 1.07 − 1.31 − 1.22 − 1.23 − 1.07 − 1.39 − 1.33 − 1.22 − 1.18 − 1.40
Nutritional variables Maternal Milk 0.66 0.51 0.96 0.95 0.68 0.30 0.93 0.32 0.92 0.96 0.43
Human Donor Milk 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.06 0.00
Breast Milk Fortifier 0.14 0.00 0.30 0.35 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00
Formula Milk 0.38 0.67 0.00 0.27 0.45 0.69 0.40 0.00 0.44 0.01 0.44
Parenteral Nutrition 0.21 0.17 0.18 0.13 0.20 0.19 0.00 0.74 0.14 0.14 0.59
Glucose Electrolyte 0.17 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.11 0.17 0.57 0.11 0.08 0.49

Clusters are ranked according to population size (1 = largest cluster). All variables are reported as median values, except for proportions which are means. Proportions are reported as integer values, therefore 0% corresponds to < 0.5% and the sum across the geographical location variables may not be exactly 100%. Nutritional variables encode the nutritional patterns through the proportion of days a nutritional component was given over the total time in care (between 0 and 1).