Table 2. Pain intensity in neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrist/hand, hip/thigh, knee, and ankle/foot at four evaluation moments: pre-intervention (0), after 12, 24, and 36 wk in control group (CG) and experimental group (EG).
| Region | 0 | 12 | 24 | 36 | p | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CG (n=32) |
EG (n=32) |
CG (n=25) |
EG (n=27) |
CG (n=21) |
EG (n=20) |
CG (n=18) |
EG (n=15) |
Group *Time |
Time | Group | |
| Neck | 2.4 (3.0) | 1.6 (2.5) | 3.0 (3.1) | 0.4 (1.4) | 4.2 (2.9) | 0.9 (2.9) | 2.9 (3.1) | 1.0 (2.7) | 0.05 | 0.28 | <0.01 |
| Shoulder | 1.7 (3.0) | 2.5 (3.3) | 2.2 (3.2) | 0.6 (1.4) | 3.7 (2.8) | 1.8 (2.5) | 1.9 (2.7) | 1.1 (2.4) | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.02 |
| Upper back | 1.7 (3.1) | 2.6 (3.3) | 2.6 (2.9) | 1.0 (2.1) | 3.2 (3.1) | 1.6 (2.4) | 1.9 (2.9) | 0.6 (1.1) | 0.05 | 0.37 | 0.03 |
| Elbow | 0.7 (2.0) | 0.1 (0.4) | 0.4 (1.4) | 0.3 (0.9) | 0.3 (1.3) | 0.3 (0.7) | 0.5 (1.7) | 0.2 (0.6) | 0.56 | 0.98 | 0.15 |
| Lower back | 2.3 (3.3) | 2.9 (3.3) | 2.4 (2.9) | 1.7 (2.6) | 2.8 (3.1) | 1.7 (2.3) | 2.3 (2.9) | 1.1 (1.9) | 0.36 | 0.51 | 0.19 |
| Hand/wrist | 1.6 (2.6) | 0.7 (1.9) | 1.6 (3.0) | 0.5 (1.4) | 2.0 (3.1) | 0.6 (1.3) | 1.7 (2.9) | 0.7 (1.4) | 0.94 | 0.96 | <0.01 |
| Hip/thigh | 0.4 (1.7) | 0.8 (2.0) | 0.6 (1.7) | 0.4 (1.4) | 0.6 (1.6) | 0.2 (0.8) | 1.2 (2.1) | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.21 | 0.87 | 0.19 |
| Knee | 0.3 (1.1) | 0.7 (1.9) | 0.9 (2.1) | 0.8 (1.7) | 0.9 (1.9) | 1.0 (1.5) | 1.4 (2.5) | 0.8 (1.9) | 0.34 | 0.5 | 0.64 |
| Foot/ankle | 0.4 (1.8) | 0.3 (1.1) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.7) | 0.6 (1.6) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.49 | 0.32 | 0.43 |
Data expressed as mean standard deviation (SD).