Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of Korean adults (≥19 years) according to smoking status (n=28,059)
| Characteristic | Non-smoker (n=16,980, 60.5%) | Smoker (n=9,247, 33.0%) | E-smoker (n=1,832, 6.4%) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 2,721 (16.0) | 7,772 (84.0) | 1,576 (86.0) | <0.001 |
| Age, yr | 50.8±17.04 | 53.43±15.75 | 39.73±14.11 | <0.001 |
| Conventional cigarette | <0.001 | |||
| Non | 16,980 (100) | 0 | 51 (2.8) | |
| Former | 0 | 5,437 (58.8) | 342 (18.7) | |
| Current | 0 | 3,810 (41.2) | 1,439 (78.5) | |
| Smoking amount, PY | 0 | 23.93±24.55 | 23.84±23.36 | <0.001 |
| Household income | <0.001 | |||
| Lowest quartile | 3,313 (19.6) | 1,901 (20.6) | 209 (11.4) | |
| Lower middle quartile | 4,162 (24.6) | 2,537 (25.6) | 439 (24.0) | |
| Upper middle quartile | 5,433 (26.8) | 2,494 (27.1) | 601 (32.9) | |
| Highest quartile | 4,896 (29.0) | 2,460 (26.7) | 577 (31.6) | |
| Level of education | <0.001 | |||
| ≤Elementary school | 4,204 (25.7) | 1,741 (19.8) | 115 (6.6) | |
| ≤Middle school | 1,586 (9.7) | 1,089 (12.4) | 132 (7.6) | |
| ≤High school | 5,084 (31.1) | 2,939 (33.4) | 795 (45.7) | |
| ≥College | 5,457 (33.4) | 3,020 (34.4) | 697 (40.1) | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Asthma | 536 (3.3) | 247 (2.8) | 45 (2.6) | 0.095 |
| Hypertension | 3,866 (23.2) | 2,424 (26.8) | 230 (12.8) | 0.677 |
| Diabetes | 1,420 (8.5) | 1,032 (11.4) | 115 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| Lung cancer | 13 (0.1) | 29 (0.3) | 3 (0.2) | 0.092 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±SD. PY: pack-years; SD: standard deviation.
*
Adjusted for age and sex.