Table 3.
Clinical characteristics before surgery and 6 and 12 months after surgery
| Characteristics | Before Surgery (n = 53) |
6 Months After Surgery (n = 42) |
12 Months After Surgery (n = 53) |
Overall Pb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Estimate | n | Estimate | Pa | n | Estimate | Pa | ||
| BMI (kg/m2)c | 53 | 49.4 (45.6–57.5) | 43 | 37.3 (33.4–44.0) | <0.001 | 53 | 35.0 (30.3–38.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 53 | 142 ± 17 | 35 | 118 ± 16 | <0.001 | 53 | 106 ± 14 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg)c | 53 | 131 (120–146) | 38 | 126 (109–137) | 0.006 | 52 | 119 (110–132) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 53 | 75.4 ± 13.8 | 38 | 71.2 ± 14.8 | 0.132 | 52 | 69.6 ± 10.5 | 0.002 | 0.041 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l)c | 53 | 4.26 (3.79–5.28) | 42 | 4.41 (3.55–5.49) | 0.520 | 53 | 4.43 (3.73–5.14) | 0.943 | 0.720 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l)c | 53 | 1.46 (1.12–1.93) | 41 | 1.29 (1.01–1.60) | 0.025 | 53 | 1.08 (0.84–1.41) | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| HDL-C/l)c | 53 | 1.03 (0.87–1.32) | 42 | 1.17 (0.96–1.44) | 0.070 | 53 | 1.29 (1.04–1.43) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LDL-Cl/l)c | 52 | 2.44 (1.96–3.21) | 41 | 2.56 (1.82–3.57) | 0.817 | 53 | 2.43 (1.97–3.20) | 0.547 | 0.468 |
| ApoA-I (g/l)c | 52 | 1.26 (1.15–1.40) | 43 | 1.20 (1.10–1.42) | 0.093 | 52 | 1.23 (1.11–1.38) | 0.391 | 0.243 |
| ApoB (g/l)c | 53 | 0.80 (0.68–1.02) | 43 | 0.77 (0.63–0.99) | 0.139 | 53 | 0.73 (0.61–0.86) | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| Cholesterol efflux capacity (%) | 53 | 12.94 ± 3.79 | 43 | 14.28 ± 3.95 | 0.025 | 53 | 16.03 ± 4.38 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| PON1 activity (nmol/ml/min) | 53 | 67.0 (36.7–172.6) | 43 | 69.7 (43.0–162.8) | 0.683 | 53 | 83.0 (46.8–162.0) | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| HbA1c (mmol/l)c | 51 | 45.4 (41.0–53.0) | 44 | 38.4 (33.5–41.0) | <0.001 | 52 | 35.0 (32.3–37.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l)c | 52 | 5.99 (5.13–6.78) | 43 | 5.54 (4.68–6.19) | 0.006 | 53 | 5.00 (4.66–5.82) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (mU/l)c | 52 | 18.44 (13.41–32.58) | 42 | 9.46 (6.54–17.53) | <0.001 | 53 | 6.91 (4.75–12.29) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR, ratioc | 52 | 5.71 (3.35–8.61) | 42 | 2.66 (1.65–4.30) | <0.001 | 53 | 1.54 (1.06–2.94) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HOMA-B, %c | 51 | 153 (64–258) | 42 | 107 (72–168) | 0.047 | 53 | 103 (69–159) | 0.032 | 0.006 |
| ICAM-1 (ng/ml) | 53 | 199.0 (154.7–234.2) | 42 | 163.7 (132.9–190.3) | 0.009 | 53 | 136.8 (124.5–157.1) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin (mg/l) | 52 | 3.28 ± 1.46 | 42 | 4.39 ± 1.83 | <0.001 | 53 | 5.97 ± 2.67 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Leptin (ng/ml)c | 52 | 70.3 (48.8–98.4) | 42 | 25.8 (13.9–44.5) | <0.001 | 53 | 17.0 (8.5–36.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Resistin (ng/ml) | 52 | 15.1 (10.8–17.6) | 42 | 12.6 (9.3–16.2) | 0.099 | 53 | 9.4 (6.3–13.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ±± SD and percent (n) or median (interquartile range). SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
a
Data were compared with those at baseline using paired t-test.
b
Ps for change over time from baseline to 12 months after surgery (repeated measures ANOVA).
c
Ps were estimated using ln-transformed data.