Table 3.
Chemotherapy regimens used for JMML
| Type of study | Median age | Sample size | Chemotherapy | Survival | Remarks (Reference) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retrospective | 36 m | 12 | Low dose chemo (6) Standard dose chemo (6) | No survival benefit | Heterogenous treatment [57] |
| Retrospective (Case series) | 48 m | 3 | AML-BFM-97 | Median survival 4 months | [58] |
| Retrospective (Case series) | - | 8 | Hydroxyurea (4) Low dose cytarabine (1) | - | [53] |
| Prospective | 20.5 m | 11 | Low doses of daunorubicin or cytarabine | Overall survival 7 months | The use of intensive combination chemotherapy in children with JMML can result in long-term survival in some patients [59] |
| Retrospective | 33 m | 21 | A-V3 Protocol (Cytarabine Etoposide VCR) | 3-yr EFS (66.2 ± 14)% | [61] The survival was more for patients who received a HSCT after the chemotherapy compared to the ones who got chemotherapy alone |
| 3-year OS (76.2 ± 14.8)% | |||||
| Retrospective | 12 m | 20 | 6-mercaptopurine and cytarabine | Median survival 44 months | 6-mercaptopurine and cytarabine may be used as a bridge therapy [55] |
Low-dose chemotherapy-Low-dose cytarabine, 6-thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine, hydroxyurea, and others Standard dose chemotherapy-Induction schedules for acute myeloid leukemia, anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, standard-dose cytarabine, etoposide, and others; A-V3 protocol: Cytarabine: 100 mg/m2, Etoposide, 100 mg/m2, Vincristine: 1.5 mg2/m.