Table 2.

Diagnostic tools.

Diagnostic laparoscopy	Current golden standard to determine preoperative PCI and obtain pathological proof. However, may result in iatrogenic bowel lesion due to adhesions resulting from previous surgery or tumor nodules. These adhesions may also limit visualization of the peritoneum and hamper appropriate determination of the PCI.
CT	Poor performance due to small lesion size and limited contrast resolution.
FDG-PET	Poor performance due to small lesion size, limited contrast resolution especially in mucinous tumors.
FAPI-PET	Experimental. Superior over FDG-PET. Based on the detection of reactive stroma rather than the tumor cells themselves.
Diffusion-weighted MRI	Highest sensitivity to detect PM of all currently available imaging modalities. May outperform DLS with regard to safety and completeness of visualization.

PCI, Peritoneal Cancer Index; CT, computed tomography; FDG-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (PET); MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.