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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 31.
Published in final edited form as: FASEB J. 2020 Aug 11;34(10):13533–13547. doi: 10.1096/fj.201903292RR

Figure 1. ER stress induces E4bp4 mRNA and protein in primary hepatocytes and mouse liver.

Figure 1.

(A-C) Primary mouse hepatocytes were isolated from WT mice and then treated with tunicamycin at 5 μg/ml for 2, 4 8hr (A), or palmitate (400 μM) (B) or oleic acid (300 μM) (C) for 24 hr before harvest for mRNA analysis. The mRNA levels of Chop and E4bp4 were examined by RT-qPCR. (D) The protein levels of E4BP4 in primary hepatocytes were determined by immunblotting during a time-course study of tunicamycin treatment (E-F) WT male mice were acutely injected with either DMSO (n=3-7) or tunicamycin (n=3-6) and liver tissues were harvested at either 8 or 24 hrs for both mRNA and protein analysis. The mRNA abundance of Grp78, E4bp4, and Ppar-γ was analyzed by RT-qPCR, whereas the protein levels of E4BP4 and GRP78 were examined by immunoblotting. Data were presented as Mean ± S.D.. At least three independent experiments were performed with similar results.