TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of N = 99 participants in the WTC neurocognitive imaging study
| Overall | CU | CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | (N = 99) | (N = 51) | (N = 48) | P |
| Age, y | 56.37 ± 5.19 | 56.37 ± 4.59 | 56.36 ± 5.81 | 0.993 |
| Sex | 0.876 | |||
| Male | 78 (78.8%) | 41 (80%) | 37 (77%) | |
| Female | 22 (22.2%) | 10 (20%) | 11 (23%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.096 | |||
| White | 73 (73.7%) | 43 (84.3%) | 30 (62.5%) | |
| Black | 10 (10.1%) | 3 (5.9%) | 7 (14.6%) | |
| Hispanic | 12 (12.1%) | 4 (7.8%) | 8 (16.7%) | |
| Other | 4 (4.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 3 (6.2%) | |
| Occupation before 9/11 | 0.186 | |||
| Police | 73 (73.7%) | 41 (80.4%) | 32 (66.7%) | |
| Other | 26 (26.3%) | 10 (19.6%) | 16 (33.3%) | |
| Educational attainment | 0.359 | |||
| High school or less | 23(23.2%) | 9 (17.6%) | 14 (29.2%) | |
| Some college | 47 (47.5%) | 25 (49.0%) | 22 (45.8%) | |
| University degree | 29 (29.3%) | 17 (33.4%) | 12 (25.0%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.22 ± 4.03 | 28.69 ± 4.00 | 29.79 ± 4.04 | 0.175 |
| PTSD Dx a | 1.000 | |||
| No | 52 (52.5%) | 27 (52.9%) | 25 (52.1%) | |
| Yes | 47 (47.5%) | 24 (47.1%) | 23 (47.9%) | |
| MDD Dx a | 0.906 | |||
| No | 81 (81.8%) | 41 (80.4%) | 40 (83.3%) | |
| Yes | 18 (18.2%) | 10 (19.6%) | 8 (16.7%) | |
| AUDIT | 3.04 ± 3.77 | 3.20 ± 3.79 | 2.87 ± 3.78 | 0.671 |
| Total months on site | 4.05 ± 3.31 | 3.99 ± 3.38 | 4.10 ± 3.27 | 0.882 |
| TIV, cm3 | 1578.5 ± 147 | 1583.26 ± 128.25 | 1573.44 ± 165.86 | 0.742 |
Notes: Means (± standard deviations) or percentages (%) reported. P‐values examine the extent to which noted characteristics differ across cognitive status groups and were derived using Student's t‐tests for continuous variables and χ2 or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables.
The rates reflect the 2 × 2 design of the study.
Abbreviations: AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test.; BMI, body mass index, CI, WTC responders with cognitive impairment; CU, WTC responders with unimpaired cognition; MDD Dx, lifetime major depression disorder diagnosis; PTSD Dx, WTC‐related posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis; TIV, total intracranial volume; WTC, World Trade Center.