Table 1.
Comparison of clinical features and laboratory results between HBV-ACLF patients with and without bacterial infections
| Patients without bacterial infection (n = 43) | Patients with bacterial infection (n = 97) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | |||
| Age (years) | 49 (37–56) | 46 (38–56) | 0.271 |
| Male sex, % (n) | 100 (43) | 86.6 (84) | 0.010 |
| Underlying disease, % (n) | 0.995 | ||
| Chronic hepatitis B | 46.5 (20) | 47.4 (46) | – |
| Compensated cirrhosis | 32.6 (14) | 32.0 (31) | – |
| Deompensated cirrhosis | 20.9 (9) | 20.6 (20) | – |
| Complications, % (n) | |||
| Ascites | 48.8 (21) | 78.4 (76) | 0.001 |
| GI hemorrhage | 0 (0) | 10.3 (10) | 0.031 |
| Glucocorticoids, % (n) | 30.2 (13) | 29.9 (29) | 0.968 |
| Prophylactic antibiotics, % (n) | 67.4 (29) | 21.2 (22) | 0.000 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 737 (251–1629) | 529 (180–1238) | 0.178 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 32 (29–36) | 32 (29–37) | 0.087 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 190.3 (133.0–254.1) | 270.27 (183.0–342.6) | 0.003 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 65 (55–75) | 70 (57–91) | 0.136 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 139.0 (134–140) | 135 (131–138) | 0.006 |
| White blood cell count (109/L) | 5.4 (4.37–7.92) | 7.08 (5.28–10.51) | 0.036 |
| Neutrophil count (109/L) | 3.58 (2.60–5.92) | 5.76 (3.70–7.85) | 0.008 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 133 (121–147) | 121 (95–136) | 0.001 |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 98 (74–131) | 91 (67–123) | 0.308 |
| INR | 1.85 (1.70–2.26) | 2.25 (1.85–2.75) | 0.001 |
| LMR | 1.93 (1.27–2.74) | 1.44 (1.01–2.07) | 0.056 |
| NLR | 3.03 (2.00–5.49) | 5.19 (3.43–8.40) | 0.003 |
| DIC score | 4 (3–5) | 5 (4–6) | 0.001 |
| Organ failure, % (n) | |||
| Liver | 69.8 (30) | 87.6 (85) | 0.011 |
| Coagulation | 18.6 (8) | 44.3 (43) | 0.004 |
| Kidney | 14.0 (6) | 15.5 (15) | 0.817 |
| Cerebral | 9.3 (4) | 22.7 (22) | 0.060 |
| Lung | 4.7 (2) | 9.3 (9) | 0.348 |
| Circulation | 4.7 (2) | 19.6 (19) | 0.022 |
| Transplant-free survival probability (%) | |||
| 28-day | 86.0 | 54.5 | 0.000 |
| 90-day | 83.1 | 43.1 | 0.000 |
Data are expressed as the median (interquartile range) or percent (number). Bold numbers represent significant difference (P < 0.05)
ACLF acute-on-chronic liver failure, HBV Hepatitis B virus, HBV-ACLF Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, GI gastrointestinal, INR international normalized ratio, LMR lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation