Table 2.
Predictors of bacterial infection in the univariate and multivariate analyses in patients with HBV-ACLF
| Predictor | Univariate analysis | P-value | Multivariate analysis | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Age (years) | 1.018 (0.989–1.048) | 0.233 | – | – |
| Gender | 0.000 (0.000–0.000) | 0.999 | – | – |
| Underlying liver disease | 1.035 (0.402–2.665) | 0.932 | – | – |
| Prior decompensation | 1.136 (0.456–2.829) | 0.784 | – | – |
| Precipitating events | 0.935 (0.159–5.495) | 0.738 | – | – |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 1.004 (1.001–1.008) | 0.015 | – | – |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 1.005 (0.996–1.013) | 0.271 | – | – |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 0.905 (0.837–0.979) | 0.013 | – | – |
| White blood cell count (109/L) | 1.085 (0.982–1.199) | 0.111 | – | – |
| Neutrophil count (109/L) | 0.996 (0.999–1.045) | 0.870 | – | – |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 0.974 (0.958–0.990) | 0.002 | – | – |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 0.995 (0.987–1.002) | 0.166 | – | – |
| INR | 3.483 (1.590–7.628) | 0.002 | – | – |
| Ascites grade | 1.951 (1.326–2.871) | 0.001 | 1.802 (1.141–2.846) | 0.012 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy grade | 2.528 (1.003–6.371) | 0.049 | 2.840 (1.015–7.945) | 0.047 |
| LMR | 0.732 (0.515–1.041) | 0.083 | – | – |
| NLR | 0.988 (0.959–1.017) | 0.402 | – | – |
| DIC score | 1.486 (1.168–1.890) | 0.001 | – | – |
| Glucocorticoids | 0.984 (0.450–2.153) | 0.968 | – | – |
| Prophylactic antibiotics | 0.142 (0.064–0.314) | 0.000 | 0.135 (0.056–0.330) | 0.000 |
Bold-face font represents factors that are significant predictors of infection in multivariate analyses
HBV-ACLF Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, INR international normalized ratio, LMR lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
“–” represents factors that are not ultimately included in the multivariate analysis