Table 2.
Comparison of intraoperative factors between patients with or without postoperative pneumonia
| Variables | Patients without pneumonia (338) | Patients with pneumonia (253) | P_value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative incidents | |||
| Arrhythmia (n) | 330 (0.976) | 247 (0.976) | 0.787 |
| Cardiac arrest (n) | 12 (0.036) | 3 (0.012) | 0.123 |
| Acidosis (n) | 139 (0.411) | 104 (0.411) | 0.936 |
| Hyperlactacidemia (n) | 166 (0.491) | 133 (0.526) | 0.454 |
| Hypokalemia (n) | 135 (0.399) | 106 (0.419) | 0.693 |
| Hypernatronemia (n) | 4 (0.012) | 11 (0.043) | 0.031 |
| Hypotension (n) | 276 (0.817) | 215 (0.85) | 0.339 |
| Warm ischemic time (min) | 45.317 (11.688) | 47.36 (12.055) | 0.095 |
| Cold ischemic time (h) | 6.269 (1.383) | 6.289 (1.41) | 0.838 |
| Operation time (min) | 434.723 (118.926) | 452.512 (126.181) | 0.044 |
| Anesthesia time (min) | 527.146 (119.563) | 549.837 (132.364) | 0.011 |
| Intraoperative fluid management and transfusion | |||
| Crystalloid (mL) | 2412.151 (1939.289) | 2632.789 (2193.884) | 0.305 |
| Colloid (mL) | 94.622 (221.09) | 126.855 (528.29) | 0.619 |
| RBC transfusion (mL) | 1165.386 (999.811) | 1510.142 (1199.629) | < 0.001 |
| RBC transfusion > 18U | 28 (0.083) | 64 (0.253) | < 0.001 |
| Plasma transfusion (mL) | 1674.701 (1512.438) | 1834.57 (1545.028) | 0.212 |
| Plasma transfusion > 3000 mL | 36 (0.142) | 61 (0.18) | 0.259 |
| Cryoprecipitate transfusion (U) | 28.772 (15.457) | 29.634 (14.761) | 0.572 |
| Cryoprecipitate > 35U | 90 (0.356) | 113 (0.334) | 0.649 |
| Sodium bicarbonate transfusion (mL) | 94.209 (188.062) | 131.598 (252.291) | 0.109 |
| Albumin (mL) | 218.048 (111.48) | 226.988 (123.224) | 0.387 |
| Other fluids (mL) | 74.815 (343.199) | 41.006 (206.839) | 0.431 |
| Blood product transfusion (mL) | 3252.028 (2035.43) | 3768.967 (2161.842) | 0.002 |
| Blood product transfusion > 5000 mL | 35 (0.104) | 77 (0.304) | < 0.001 |
| Total volume of infusion (mL) | 6115.221 (3632.741) | 6926.488 (4323.961) | 0.024 |
| Total volume of infusion > 10 L | 24 (0.071) | 55 (0.217) | < 0.001 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 1740.913 (1767.973) | 2031.361 (1768.054) | 0.006 |
| Blood loss > 2 L | 59 (0.175) | 106 (0.419) | < 0.001 |
| Urine output (mL/(kg h)) | 3.367 (2.311) | 3.165 (2.058) | 0.457 |
| Ascites removal (mL) | 817.769 (1836.427) | 939.318 (1825.486) | 0.073 |
| Gastric drainage (mL) | 71.773 (278.9) | 51.157 (119.586) | 0.988 |
| Other estimated fluid loss (mL) | 6.883 (77.52) | 3.697 (33.576) | 0.215 |
| Intraoperative medications | |||
| Recombinant activated factor VII (mg) | 0.343 (1.031) | 0.134 (0.615) | 0.008 |
| Prothrombin complex concentrate (IU) | 602.367 (410.826) | 506.719 (359.224) | 0.01 |
| Use of dopamine, continuous (n) | 102 (0.302) | 80 (0.316) | 0.775 |
| Use of metaraminol, continuous (n) | 6 (0.018) | 3 (0.012) | 0.811 |
| Use of norepinephrine, continuous (n) | 281 (0.831) | 216 (0.854) | 0.533 |
| Use of epinephrine, continuous (n) | 246 (0.728) | 176 (0.696) | 0.445 |
Data were expressed as frequency (proportion) or median (IQR). Continuous variables were presented with mean along with standard deviation (SD), or median (interquartile range). The bold emphasis means that p < 0.05
IV intravenous injection