Table 3.
Characteristics of the study participants at baseline and follow-up (n = 235)
| Variable | Baseline in 2013 | Follow-up in 2017 | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female, no. (%) | 104 (44.2) | 104 (44.2) | – |
| Age, years | 39 (36, 41) | 43 (40, 45) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoking, no. (%) | 110 (41.5) | 105 (44.6) | 0.489 |
| Alcohol use, no. (%) | 23 (9.1) | 65 (27.8) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 23.83 (21.63–26.33) | 23.73 (22.19–25.92) | 0.826 |
| WHR | 0.90 (0.85–0.95) | 0.93 (0.87–0.97) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 79 (29.7) | 53 (22.6) | 0.792 |
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 6 (2.3) | 15 (6.2) | 0.023 |
| SBP, mmHg | 120.7 (111.3–132.0) | 121.0 (112.8–131.7) | 0.403 |
| DBP, mmHg | 80.0 (72.7–89.0) | 76.3 (69.3–84.8) | 0.001 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 70.0 (66.0–80.0) | 74.0 (67.0–81.0) | 0.022 |
| SUA, μmol/L | 300.9 (246.0–369.7) | 267.9 (209.7–335.8) | < 0.001 |
| Serum creatinine, umol/L | 74.21 ± 14.02 | 80.82 ± 17.69 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 94.90 ± 21.13 | 94.12 ± 26.23 | 0.694 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 4.58 (4.26–4.92) | 5.00 (4.69–5.41) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.27 (3.83–4.72) | 4.51 (4.07–4.99) | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.42 (1.00–2.07) | 1.37 (0.98–1.96) | 0.405 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.33 (2.00–2.70) | 2.51 (2.14–2.89) | 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.66 (1.43–1.87) | 1.14 (1.01–1.32) | < 0.001 |
| UACR, mg/g | 6.07 (4.08–10.72) | 8.80 (5.77–15.17) | < 0.001 |
| CIMT, mm | 0.50 (0.40–0.60) | 0.64 (0.55–0.74) | < 0.001 |
| LVH, no. (%) | – | 26 (11.0) | – |
BMI body mass index, WHR waist hip rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SUA serum uric acid, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein, uACR Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, CIMT carotid intima-media thickness