Table 2.
Correlates of GDF-15 among ARIC study participants at visit 6 (2016–2017).
| GDF-15 (log-transformed) | GDF-15—quartile 4 vs. quartiles 1 to 3 | |
|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Beta Coefficient (95% CI) i | Odds Ratio (95% CI) i |
| Current smoking | 0.13 (0.07, 0.19) | 1.64 (1.23, 2.18) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)ii | 0.002 (-0.013, 0.018) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.10) |
| Use of antihypertensive medications | 0.21 (0.18, 0.25) | 2.63 (2.10, 3.29) |
| Use of cholesterol lowering medication | 0.13 (0.10, 0.16) | 1.72 (1.47, 2.02) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL)ii | −0.089 (-0.105, -0.073) | 0.67 (0.62, 0.74) |
| High‐density lipoprotein—cholesterol (mg/dL)ii | −0.097 (-0.113, -0.081) | 0.65 (0.59, 0.71) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL)ii | 0.057 (0.042, 0.072) | 1.23 (1.15, 1.33) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)ii | 0.036 (0.021, 0.052) | 1.11 (1.02, 1.20) |
| Diabetes status | 0.31 (0.28, 0.35) | 4.15 (3.51, 4.91) |
i
Estimates are adjusted for age, sex, and race/center.
ii
Per 1 SD change (1 SD: Systolic blood pressure = 18.80 mm Hg; Total cholesterol = 40.41 mg/dL; High-density lipoprotein- cholesterol =14.02 mg/dL; Triglycerides= 58.37 mg/dL; Body mass index = 5.41 kg/m2).