Table 3.
Correlation between cytokines and other lab parameters in COVID-9 patients.
| IFN-γ | IL-10 | TNF-α | IL-4 | IL-6 | IL-2 | CD3 | CD3 + 4+ | CD3 + 8+ | 4/8 Ratio | CD19 | CD16 + 56+ | NEUT | PT | DD | ALT | BUN | C1q | PCT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN-γ | |||||||||||||||||||
| IL-10 | r = −0.01 | ||||||||||||||||||
| P = 0.91 | |||||||||||||||||||
| TNF-α |
r = 0.46 ** |
r = −0.16 | |||||||||||||||||
| P < 0.01 | P = 0.18 | ||||||||||||||||||
| IL-4 | r = 0.29* | r = −0.18 |
r = 0.32 ** |
||||||||||||||||
| P = 0.01 | P = 0.12 | P < 0.01 | |||||||||||||||||
| IL-6 | r = 0.09 |
r = 0.56 ** |
r = 0.21 | r = −0.14 | |||||||||||||||
| P = 0.36 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.19 | P = 0.39 | ||||||||||||||||
| IL-2 |
r = 0.50 ** |
r = −0.08 |
r = 0.39 ** |
r = 0.42 ** |
r = −0.06 | ||||||||||||||
| P < 0.01 | P = 0.52 | P < 0.01 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.71 | |||||||||||||||
| CD3 | r = 0.03 | r = −0.14 | r = 0.02 | r = 0.18 | r = −0.19 | r = 0.00 | |||||||||||||
| P = 0.88 | P = 0.39 | P = 0.93 | P = 0.26 | P = 0.26 | P = 0.99 | ||||||||||||||
| CD3 + 4+ | r = 0.30* | r = −0.06 | r = 0.09 | r = 0.13 | r = −0.06 | r = 0.22 |
r = 0.94 ** |
||||||||||||
| P = 0.04 | P = 0.68 | P = 0.54 | P = 0.38 | P = 0.73 | P = 0.14 | P < 0.01 | |||||||||||||
| CD3 + 8+ | r = −0.06 | r = −0.18 | r = −0.05 | r = 0.25 | r = −0.30 | r = −0.08 |
r = 0.91 ** |
r = 0.73 ** |
|||||||||||
| P = 0.71 | P = 0.27 | P = 0.75 | P = 0.12 | P = 0.07 | P = 0.64 | P < 0.01 | P < 0.01 | ||||||||||||
| 4/8 Ratio | r = 0.17 | r = 0.19 | r = −0.07 | r = 0.12 | r = 0.22 | r = 0.17 | r = 0.01 | r = 0.20 | r = −0.28 | ||||||||||
| P = 0.29 | P = 0.25 | P = 0.69 | P = 0.48 | P = 0.17 | P = 0.31 | P = 0.97 | P = 0.22 | P = 0.09 | |||||||||||
| CD19 | r = 0.06 | r = −0.02 | r = 0.16 | r = 0.09 | r = 0.19 | r = 0.27 | r = 0.23 | r = 0.34* | r = 0.08 | r = 0.33* | |||||||||
| P = 0.70 | P = 0.90 | P = 0.32 | P = 0.57 | P = 0.25 | P = 0.09 | P = 0.16 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.61 | P = 0.04 | ||||||||||
| CD16 + 56+ | r = −0.20 | r = −0.24 | r = 0.10 | r = 0.07 | r = −0.35* | r = −0.34* | r = 0.40* | r = 0.31* |
r = 0.58 ** |
r = −0.32* | r = 0.02 | ||||||||
| P = 0.21 | P = 0.14 | P = 0.52 | P = 0.66 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.05 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.04 | P = 0.93 | |||||||||
| NEUT | r = 0.31* | r = 0.24 | r = 0.29 | r = −0.01 |
r = 0.43 ** |
r = 0.18 | r = −0.03 | r = 0.19 | r = −0.18 | r = 0.36* | r = 0.33* | r = −0.31* | |||||||
| P = 0.05 | P = 0.13 | P = 0.07 | P = 0.96 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.27 | P = 0.86 | P = 0.23 | P = 0.26 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.05 | ||||||||
| PT | r = 0.11 |
r = 0.34 ** |
r = 0.12 | r = 0.03 |
r = 0.40 ** |
r = 0.19 | r = −0.03 | r = 0.06 | r = −0.11 | r = 0.15 | r = 0.40* | r = −0.12 |
r = 0.53 ** |
||||||
| P = 0.41 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.35 | P = 0.84 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.15 | P = 0.84 | P = 0.72 | P = 0.48 | P = 0.34 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.47 | P < 0.01 | |||||||
| DD | r = 0.29* | r = 0.25 | r = 0.17 | r = −0.03 | r = 0.11 | r = 0.31* | r = 0.05 | r = −0.04 | r = −0.01 | r = 0.03 | r = 0.07 | r = −0.22 | r = 0.19 |
r = 0.42 ** |
|||||
| P = 0.02 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.19 | P = 0.84 | P = 0.52 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.76 | P = 0.77 | P = 0.97 | P = 0.86 | P = 0.67 | P = 0.17 | P = 0.22 | P < 0.01 | ||||||
| ALT | r = 0.06 | r = −0.01 | r = 0.07 | r = 0.12 | r = 0.22 | r = 0.14 | r = −0.30 | r = −0.11 | r = −0.28 | r = −0.05 | r = 0.07 | r = 0.13 | r = 0.08 | r = 0.08 | r = −0.02 | ||||
| P = 0.73 | P = 0.95 | P = 0.66 | P = 0.47 | P = 0.18 | P = 0.39 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.48 | P = 0.08 | P = 0.78 | P = 0.66 | P = 0.42 | P = 0.63 | P = 0.64 | P = 0.91 | |||||
| BUN | r = 0.00 | r = 0.02 | r = 0.08 | r = −0.18 |
r = 0.47 ** |
r = 0.07 | r = −0.10 | r = 0.01 | r = −0.20 | r = 0.16 | r = 0.17 | r = −0.33* | r = 0.30 | r = −0.02 | r = 0.37* | r = 0.23 | |||
| P = 0.99 | P = 0.91 | P = 0.64 | P = 0.28 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.69 | P = 0.55 | P = 0.97 | P = 0.22 | P = 0.32 | P = 0.30 | P = 0.04 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.92 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.15 | ||||
| C1q | r = −0.28 | r = −0.30 | r = −0.08 | r = 0.19 | r = −0.30 | r = −0.10 | r = −0.22 | r = −0.30 | r = −0.04 | r = −0.10 | r = 0.01 | r = 0.28 | r = −0.33* | r = −0.28 | r = −0.15 | r = 0.13 | r = −0.13 | ||
| P = 0.08 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.61 | P = 0.23 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.52 | P = 0.17 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.82 | P = 0.53 | P = 0.94 | P = 0.08 | P = 0.04 | P = 0.07 | P = 0.34 | P = 0.44 | P = 0.44 | |||
| PCT | r = 0.16 |
r = 0.42 ** |
r = −0.01 | r = −0.05 |
r = 0.63 ** |
r = 0.23 | r = −0.03 | r = 0.02 | r = −0.13 | r = 0.22 | r = 0.42* | r = −0.21 |
r = 0.74 ** |
r = 0.53 ** |
r = 0.53 ** |
r = 0.27 | r = 0.35* | r = −0.31* | |
| P = 0.23 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.93 | P = 0.72 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.09 | P = 0.87 | P = 0.88 | P = 0.41 | P = 0.18 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.19 | P < 0.01 | P < 0.01 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.09 | P = 0.03 | P = 0.02 | ||
| CRP | r = 0.10 | r = 0.20 | r = 0.27 | r = −0.18 |
r = 0.48 ** |
r = −0.09 | r = −0.05 | r = −0.04 | r = −0.21 | r = 0.15 | r = −0.20 | r = −0.23 | r = 0.42* |
r = 0.52 ** |
r = 0.16 | r = 0.03 | r = 0.01 | r = −0.15 |
r = 0.57 ** |
| P = 0.56 | P = 0.22 | P = 0.09 | P = 0.26 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.58 | P = 0.76 | P = 0.80 | P = 0.20 | P = 0.35 | P = 0.21 | P = 0.16 | P = 0.01 | P < 0.01 | P = 0.33 | P = 0.85 | P = 0.97 | P = 0.36 | P < 0.01 | |
*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 were considered statistically significant. IFN-γ: interferon-γ; IL-10: interleukin-10; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; CD3: absolute T lymphocyte count; CD3 + 4+: helper/inducible T lymphocyte absolute count; CD3 + 8+: inhibitory/cytotoxic T lymphocyte absolute count; 4/8 ratio: CD4/CD8; CD19: B lymphocyte count; CD16 + 56+: absolute NK cell count; NEUT: neutrophils; PT: prothrombin time; DD: D-dimer; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; C1q: complement C1q; PCT: procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein.