Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients.
| COVID-19 pneumonia group (n=72) |
CAP group (n=72) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 59 (±15) | 58 (±20) | 0.62 |
| Sex, male | 34 (47%) | 40 (56%) | 0.40 |
| Ethnicity | 0.02 | ||
| White | 36 (50%) | 52 (72%) | 0.006 |
| Black | 9 (12.5%) | 5 (7%) | 0.26 |
| Asian | 17 (23.6%) | 13 (18%) | 0.41 |
| Other | 10 (13.9%) | 2 (3%) | 0.02 |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| DM | 21 (29%) | 16 (22%) | 0.45 |
| Respiratory diseasesa | 18 (25%) | 29 (40%) | 0.07 |
| Cardiovascular diseasesb | 33 (46%) | 20 (28%) | 0.04 |
| Arteriopathy | 5 (6.9%) | 6 (8.3%) | NS |
| Moderate–severe CKD | 10 (14%) | 10 (14%) | NS |
| Previous malignancy | 4 (5.6%) | 6 (8.3%) | 0.74 |
| Active malignancy | 1 (1.4%) | 4 (5.6%) | 0.37 |
| Previous VTE | 4 (5.6%) | 6 (8.3%) | 0.74 |
| Dementia | 2 (2.8%) | 1 (1.4%) | NS |
| Mental health issues | 6 (8.3%) | 3 (4.2%) | 0.49 |
| HIV | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.50 |
| Other PE risk factors | |||
| Immobility | 4 (5.6%) | 3 (4.2%) | NS |
| Obesity | 33 (46%) | 20 (28%) | 0.04 |
| Length of hospitalisation prior to CTPA (days) | 5.1 (±7) | 1.9 (±3.5) | 0.001 |
| VTE prophylaxis administered | |||
| Total | 67 (93%) | 53 (74%) | 0.003 |
| PE positive groupc | 17/17 (100%) | 5/5 (100%) | NS |
| PE negative groupc | 50/55 (91%) | 48/67 (72%) | 0.008 |
Data are n (%) or mean (±SD).
DM, diabetes mellitus; NS, indicates non-significant, CKD, chronic kidney disease; VTE, venous thromboembolism; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PE, pulmonary embolism; CTPA, computed tomography pulmonary angiogram.
a
Respiratory diseases included: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and interstitial lung disease.
b
Cardiovascular diseases included: ischaemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and hypertension.
c
Sample number is different to the total; detailed in each cell.