Table 3.

Plasma fatty acid composition and product to substrate ratios in the third trimester by maternal alcohol exposure and FASD classification controlled for maternal smoking.

	Controls	AE-ND	AE-FASD	Sig		Controls	AE-ND	AE-FASD	Sig
	N=46	N=32	N=29			N=46	N=32	N=30
Saturated					Desaturation
C14:0	1.09±0.07	0.97±0.09	1.04±0.09	0.633	16:1n7/16:0	0.05±0.00	0.05±0.00	0.05±0.00	0.614
C16:0	25.93±0.39	25.02±0.47	26.26±0.50	0.197	18:1n9/18:0	3.03±0.07a,b	3.26±0.09a	2.80±0.10b	0.005
C18:0	6.16±0.11a	6.20±0.14b	6.91±0.15b	<0.001	18:3n6/18:2n6	0.005±0.00	0.004±0.00	0.005±0.01	0.039
C20:0	0.12±0.01	0.12±0.01	0.13±0.01	0.604	20:4n6/20:3n6	3.01±0.18a	3.45±0.22a	4.34±0.23b	<0.001
C22:0	0.19±0.01	0.20±0.01	0.21±0.01	0.487	Elongation
C24:0	0.16±0.01	0.15±0.01	0.15±0.01	0.714	18:0/16:0	0.24±0.01	0.25±0.01	0.27±0.01	0.067
Monounsaturated					22:4n6/20:4n6	0.053±0.00a	0.044±0.00b	0.045±0.00a,b	0.021
C16:1n7	1.36±0.09	1.20±0.11	1.40±0.12	0.442	22:5n3/20:5n3	1.49±0.11	1.27±0.13	1.41±0.14	0.459
C18:1n9	18.44±0.37	19.89±0.46	19.11±0.49	0.061	Fatty Acid Ratios
C20:1n9	0.21±0.01a	0.26±0.01b	0.21±0.01a,b	0.028	16:0/18:2n6	0.78±0.03	0.73±0.03	0.83±0.04	0.140
C24:1n9	0.26±0.02	0.21±0.03	0.22±0.03	0.433	18:2n6/18:3n3	190.15±11.76	181.96±14.46	190.90±15.48	0.894
Omega-6					20:4n6/20:5n3	32.29±3.37	26.77±4.14	39.93±4.43	0.122
C18:2n6	34.68±0.71	35.06±0.87	32.60±0.93	0.141	22:5n6/22:6n3	0.11±0.01a	0.09±0.01a	0.17±0.02b	0.002
C18:3n6	0.16±0.01a	0.13±0.01b	0.15±0.01a,b	0.034	22:5n6/22:4n6	0.82±0.04a	0.82±0.05a	1.15±0.05b	<0.001
C20:2n6	0.44±0.03	0.39±0.03	0.35±0.03	0.109	22:6n3/22:5n3	8.48±0.30	7.84±0.37	8.59±0.40	0.333
C20:3n6	1.63±0.07a	1.41±0.09a,b	1.29±0.10b	0.022	Omega 6:Omega 3	17.38±0.89	16.98±1.09	17.99±1.17	0.833
C20:4n6	4.59±0.16a	4.50±0.20a	5.30±0.21b	0.017
C22:4n6	0.24±0.01a	0.20±0.01b	0.23±0.01a,b	0.024
C22:5n6	0.20±0.01a	0.16±0.02a	0.27±0.02b	0.001
Omega-3
C18:3n3	0.22±0.01	0.21±0.02	0.19±0.02	0.637
C20:5n3	0.21±0.04	0.32±0.05	0.27±0.05	0.250
C22:5n3	0.24±0.01	0.26±0.02	0.22±0.02	0.380
C22:6n3	1.95±0.09	1.99±0.11	1.85±0.12	0.717
Total Fatty Acids (μg/ml)	4753.96±147.06	4685.80±180.76	4419.61±193.49	0.411

Estimated marginal means ± standard error of mean (SEM) by general linear model. Individual plasma fatty acids are presented as a percent of total fatty acids. Means in a row with different superscript letters differ with a p-value < 0.05. Models were adjusted for SES, site, pre-pregnancy BMI, cigarettes smoked per day at enrollment, and gestational age at blood draw. One subject in the AE-ND group had a missing variable for pre-pregnancy BMI and one subject in the AE-FASD group had a missing variable for SES thus were not included in this analysis.