Table 1.
Variable | Overall | PA | NC | χ2 or T score | Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics at 6 months | |||||
Mother married | 42% | 60% | 41% | 38.85* | |
Mother African American | 41% | 3% | 67% | 443.38* | |
Mother employed | 53% | 54% | 52% | 0.74 | |
Maternal age (years) | 26.33 (5.90) | 27.27 (6.00) | 25.66 (5.75) | −4.57* | 14.70–26.33 |
Maternal education (years) | 14.49 (2.82) | 15.04 (2.88) | 14.10 (2.71) | −5.58* | 6–22 |
Children in home | 2.20 (1.10) | 2.11 (1.04) | 2.26 (1.14) | 2.29* | 1–8 |
Key study variables | |||||
Income-to-needs ratio, 6 months | 1.77 (1.64) | 2.24 (1.93) | 1.43 (1.30) | −7.98* | 0–15.95 |
Economic pressure, 6 months | 13.74 (4.22) | 12.87 (4.08) | 14.37 (4.22) | 6.01* | 6–26 |
Income-to-needs ratio, 15 months | 1.78 (1.68) | 2.24 (1.91) | 1.45 (1.40) | −7.60* | 0–16.76 |
Economic pressure, 15 months | 13.44 (4.17) | 12.61 (3.94) | 14.03 (4.23) | 5.70* | 6–26 |
Income-to-needs ratio, 24 months | 1.87 (1.72) | 2.34 (2.00) | 1.53 (1.40) | −7.38* | 0–16.76 |
Economic pressure, 24 months | 13.04 (4.18) | 12.49 (4.17) | 13.45 (4.15) | 3.71* | 6–26 |
Depression T score, 24 months | 47.30 (8.93) | 47.38 (9.04) | 47.24 (8.86) | −0.26 | 40–81 |
Somatization T score, 24 months | 48.55 (8.95) | 48.27 (8.77) | 48.75 (9.08) | 0.87 | 41–79 |
Anxiety T score, 24 months | 46.09 (8.93) | 47.11 (9.15) | 45.32 (8.69) | −3.23* | 38–81 |
Hostility T score, 24 months | 50.29 (10.63) | 51.66 (9.82) | 49.26 (11.10) | −3.70* | 34–80 |
Sensitive parenting, 36 months | 3.82 (1.09) | 4.19 (0.96) | 3.54 (1.09) | −10.10* | 1.00–6.4 |
Harsh parenting, 36 months | 2.88 (1.24) | 2.49 (1.07) | 3.17 (1.28) | 9.29* | 1.00–7.0 |
Note. ns ranged from 1,021 to 1,142 (ns for PA ranged from 432 to 475; ns for NC ranged from 589 to 667). All participants endorsed primary race as African American or White, with the exception of four (0.4%) individuals.
Significant at p < .05.