TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristic | Postoperative Language Decline | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 10) | Yes (n = 16) | P Value | |
| Sex, no. (%) | 0.22 | ||
| Female | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | |
| Male | 8 (50) | 8 (50) | |
| Age (range), yrs | 48.4 (21–69) | 52.7 (20–80) | 0.77 |
| Language evaluation, POD (range) | 2.30 (1–8) | 2.31 (1–8) | 0.49 |
| Handedness, no. (%) | 0.04 | ||
| Right | 7 (30) | 16 (70) | |
| Left | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| Tumor side, no. (%) | |||
| Right | 0 | 0 | |
| Left | 10 | 16 | |
| Tumor location, no. (%) | 0.78 | ||
| Frontal | 4 (50) | 4 (50) | |
| Temporal | 2 (40) | 3 (60) | |
| Parietal | 3 (50) | 3 (50) | |
| Insular | 0 | 1 (100) | |
| >1 lobe | 1 (17) | 5 (83) | |
| Pathology, no. (%) | 0.30 | ||
| Grade II | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | |
| Anaplastic | 2 (40) | 3 (60) | |
| Glioblastoma | 6 (35) | 11 (65) | |
| Previous operation, no. (%) | 0.69 | ||
| No | 6 (35) | 11 (65) | |
| Yes | 4 (44) | 5 (56) | |
| Preoperative deficits, no. (%) | 0.25 | ||
| No | 7 (50) | 7 (50) | |
| Yes | 3 (25) | 9 (75) | |
| DCS mapping, no. (%) | 0.40 | ||
| Negative | 7 (47) | 8 (53) | |
| Positive | 2 (25) | 6 (75) | |
| HFC resected, no. (%) | 0.16 | ||
| No | 4 (67) | 2 (33) | |
| Yes | 6 (30) | 14 (70) | |
DCS = direct cortical stimulation; POD = postoperative day.