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. 2021 Mar 31;12:2002. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22286-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a The study protocol of H. pylori inoculation, infection development, and treatment in BALB/c mice. b Retention time of PtCo@G@CPB in the stomach of H. pylori-infected mouse. c Corresponding data analysis of mouse stomach in b. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6 biologically independent mice). P values were calculated by the Student’s two-sided t-test: **p < 0.01. d Bacterial burden in the stomach of H. pylori-infected mice treated with DPBS, PtCo@G@CPB, and triple therapy. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6 biologically independent mice). P values were calculated by the Student’s two-sided t-test: **p < 0.01. e Gram staining of slice from the gastric mucosa receiving DPBS, PtCo@G@CPB, and OAC treatments. Red arrows point to bacteria. f Bodyweight change of mice following treatment of various formulations as in d. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6 biologically independent mice). The side effects of PtCo@G@CPB against symbiotic bacteria in g intestine and h feces of mice. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6 biologically independent mice). P values were calculated by the Student’s two-sided t-test: **p < 0.01. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.