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. 2021 Mar 31;12:1980. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22312-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — PBMCs from HC were stimulated with αCD3/CD28 beads in the presence or absence of 1000U/ml of IFNα for 7 days. a αCD3/CD28 beads were removed from the culture and cells were left in culture for additional 48 h. Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining of gated CD3⁺CD8⁺ cells was used to detect spontaneous cell death. Data shown are mean ± S.E.M of fold-change of each individual sample exposed to αCD3/CD28 beads only. Each dot represents one donor (n = 7). b, c αCD3/CD28 beads were removed from the culture and cells were rested overnight before labelling with CFSE and restimulation with αCD3/CD28 beads. b Representative flow plots of Annexin V staining and CFSE dilution (CD3⁺CD8⁺gated cells) at day 3 after re-stimulation (beads to cell ratio indicated). Percentages of Annexin V⁺CFSE^lowCD8⁺ T cells (n = 5–7). c Percentages of CD8⁺ T cells positive for CD69, CD25, and CD107a at 4 h of post restimulation (beads to cell ratio = 1:2). Each symbol represents one donor (n = 9). a–c Two-tailed Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test; only significant differences are indicated; HC healthy controls. Source data for this figure are provided as a Source Data file.