Table 1.

Sample Demographics and Hearing History

	Cochlear Implant Sample (N=43)		Normal Hearing Sample (N=43)
	Mean (SD)	Range	Mean (SD)	Range	t
Chronological Agea	12.3 (2.9)	8.7-17.5	12.2 (3.0)	7.8-17.6	0.2
Age at Implantationb	21.1 (8.9)	7.0-44.7	NA	NA
Duration of CI Usea	10.6 (2.8)	7.3-16.2	NA	NA
Age of Onset of Deafnessb	1.7 (4.1)	0.0-17.0	NA	NA
Duration of Deafnessb	19.4 (8.9)	7.0-44.7	NA	NA
Best Ear Preimplant PTAc	105.9 (8.7)	87.5-118.4	NA	NA
Best Ear Recent Aided PTAc	20.7 (4.1)	12.5-30.0	NA	NA
Communication Moded	4.9 (0.5)	2-5	NA	NA
Income Levele	5.0 (2.3)	1-8	4.7 (1.0)	2-8	0.7
Nonverbal Intelligencef	11.4 (2.9)	7-17	13.0 (3.3)	5-20	2.4*
				Fisher’s Exact p
Gender (Female/Male) (N)	24/19		23/20	1.0
Age of Onset of Deafness (N)
Birth	33		NA
1-6 months	3
7-12 months	4
13-18 months	1
Bilateral/Unilateral/Bimodal (N)
Bilateral CIs	34		NA
Unilateral CI	8
Biomodal CI/Hearing Aid	1

Note: CI=cochlear implant; SD=standard deviation; NA=not applicable; degrees of freedom (df) for t-tests=84; p value for gender obtained from a Fisher’s exact test, 2-sided.

^ain Years;

^bin Months;

^cPTA=pure-tone average for frequencies 500, 1000, 2000 Hz in dB HL;

^dCommunication mode coded mostly sign (1) to auditory-verbal (6) (Geers & Brenner, 2003);

^eOn a 1 (under $20,000) to 8 ($150,000+) scale;

^fLeiter-3 Classification and Analogies (scaled score).

^*p < .05