Table 5.
Treatment effectiveness, effect sizes, and research strength by intervention package
| Treatment effectiveness using PND* | Effect sizes using Cohen’s d* | Research strength** | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very effective | Effective | Questionable | Not effective | Large | Medium | Small | Trivial or none | Strong | Adequate | Weak | Z score | EBP | |
| ESDM | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | 0 (%) | 1 (50%) | 2 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (50%) | 6 | Established |
| i-PiCS | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | 1 (50%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 0 | No |
| JASPER | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1 (50%) | 1 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 60 | Established |
| Milieu training | 2 (66.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 20 | No |
| NLP | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 6 | No |
| Pathways | 0 (0%) | 3 (75%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 8 | No |
| PCIT | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 0 | No |
| PECS | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 12 | No |
| PRT | 4 (33.3%) | 4 (33.3%) | 1 (8.3%) | 3 (25%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (28.6%) | 2 (28.6%) | 4 (40%) | 2 (20%) | 4(40%) | 98 | Established |
| Project ImPACT | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (66.6%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) | 50 | Probable |
| RIT | 0 (0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 1 (11.1%) | 6 (66.7%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1 (16.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | 4 (66.7%) | 6 | No |
| S-P-T | 0 (0%) | 1 (50%) | 0(0%) | 1 (50%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (100%) | 0 | No |
| Sunny Starts | 1 (25%) | 2 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (25%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0(0%) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 4 | No |
| VMIT | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 16 | No |
*N target skills classified by level of effectiveness (percentage of target skills classified by level of effectiveness)
**N articles classified by research strength (percentage of articles classified by research strength)
EBP, evidence-based practice; ESDM, Early Start Denver Model; JASPER, Joint Attention, Symbolic Play, Engagement & Regulation; NLP, Natural Language Paradigm; PCIT, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy; PECS, Picture Exchange Communication System; PRT, Pivotal Response Training; RIT, Reciprocal Imitation Training; S-P-T, Stay-Play-Talk; VMIT, Video Model Imitation Training